Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity in young people — a comprehensive literature review

Llewellyn, Carrie; Johnson, Newell W.; Warnakulasuriya, Saman

doi:10.1016/s1368-8375(00)00135-4

Cited by 487 publications

(433 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Recently, there has been an increase in the number of young adults who develop oral cancer especially cancer of the tongue, without any apparent risk factors such as tobacco use or immunosuppressant (Llewellyn et al, 2001;Pitman et al, 2000).…”

Section: Demographic Features Of People With Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Dentists in Khartoum State, Sudan

Ahmed

Naidoo

2017

J Canc Educ

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The incidence of oral cancer is rising in the Sudan. Detecting oral cancer at an early stage is the most effective means of improving survival and reducing morbidity from disease. Aim:The aim of the present study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of dentists related to oral cancer prevention and early detection in public dental clinics in Khartoum State, Sudan. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional survey using an administered structured questionnaire was carried out. The questionnaire consisted of 28 questions that included the key areas of oral cancer prevention and early detection. A sample of 130 dental practitioners was requested to participate in the study. Results:The response rate was 86.92%. The majority were female (68.1%) between the ages of 20 -40 years old. The majority were aware of the major risk factors and the most common presentations of oral cancer. About two thirds (63.7%) perceived that their knowledge on oral cancer was current. However, almost a third (35.4.6%) reported that they had sufficient knowledge concerning oral cancer prevention. More than half (54 percent) reported that they do not carry out any special examination to detect oral cancer in asymptomatic patients. Two thirds (66.3%) believed that their undergraduate training in the diagnosis of oral cancer was inadequate. The vast majority (95.6%) were interested in further oral cancer continuing education and 88.5% that development of referral guidelines can improve the quality of referrals to specialists. Conclusions:The findings of the present study indicate that there is a need for further training in the early detection and prevention of oral cancer, as well as an increased emphasis on oral cancer diagnosis and prevention in the dental training curriculum.3 Declaration I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this dissertation is my original work and that it has not been previously in its entirety or in part submitted at any university for a degree.………………………………… …………………………

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Section: Demographic Features Of People With Oral Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Dentists in Khartoum State, Sudan

Ahmed

Naidoo

2017

J Canc Educ

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“…age group but a there has been a trend for an increasing percentage of younger patients in the US, various European countries and China, since the 1970s [1]. In the Indian sub-continent, where there is a much higher overall rate of HNSCC, a similar trend is occurring [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…What percentage of HNSCC patients are young varies depending greatly on the chosen age cut off, with 6.7% \45 years, compared with a rate of 0.4-3.6% in the \40 year age group [1]. The sex distribution in younger patients shows a decrease in the male:female ratio.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Young: A Spectrum or a Distinct Group? Part 1

Toner

O’Regan²

2009

Head and Neck Pathol

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While most head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) occurs in older people, an increasing number of young patients are being affected worldwide, with up to 5.5% \40. These are predominantly oral and oropharyngeal cancers. Some patients have heavy exposure to the usual risk factors, but an increasing number do not. Part of this trend appears to be due to rising numbers of HPV associated tonsil carcinoma, particularly in males (smokers and non-smokers).

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“…3 Several studies also show an increase in tongue and oropharyngeal cancer, particularly in younger patients. 4,5 For cancer incidence studies young patients are defined as those under the age of 45 years. The largest population study in Europe among young oral cancer patients was conducted in SE England.…”

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confidence: 99%

The experiences of young oral cancer patients in Scotland: symptom recognition and delays in seeking professional help

et al. 2010

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Objectives: To explore the early responses of young oral cancer patients in Scotland to the symptoms of their emerging condition, to understand the ways they seek help and to inquire into delay caused by not recognising symptoms associated with cancer. Setting: The survey was carried out in Maggie's Centres or in patients' own homes in Glasgow and Edinburgh among young patients diagnosed with oral cancer in the three years (2004-7) before the study. Methods: This study employed qualitative methods. Data were collected by interview using a semi-structured interview schedule. The interview transcripts were analysed using a thematic framework and with the aid of NVivo qualitative analysis software (Version 8). Results: Most of the cohort knew that smoking and alcohol could cause oral cancer. None thought it would happen to them. Descriptions of symptoms varied widely and several had used self-treatment provided from a pharmacy. There were various causes of 'patient delay' and self-treatment was not the only cause. Reinterpretation of symptoms without seeking professional help was not uncommon. Nobody suspected they had oral cancer until it was confirmed by their GP or GDP. All thought that something so small and painless couldn't be a serious problem. Conclusions: The study further confirms gaps in understanding and awareness of oral cancer. Most had heard of oral cancer but they didn't think their symptoms were indicative of cancer and they self managed the problem. The culture of not bothering the GP/GDP unless it was perceived as serious is a barrier to earlier access. Findings support that further public awareness of oral cancer and its symptoms is required to alert the public that if their symptoms persist beyond three weeks they need a professional opinion

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Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity in young people — a comprehensive literature review

Cited by 487 publications

References 124 publications

Oral Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Dentists in Khartoum State, Sudan

Oral Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Dentists in Khartoum State, Sudan

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Young: A Spectrum or a Distinct Group? Part 1

The experiences of young oral cancer patients in Scotland: symptom recognition and delays in seeking professional help

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