Risk factors for sporadic giardiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Thébault, Anne; Favennec, Loïc; Kooh, Pauline; Cadavez, Vasco; Gonzales-Barrón, Úrsula; Villena, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.mran.2020.100158

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…G. intestinalis was implicated in stunting at 2 years of age and presented two peaks of morbidity, at ages 1-9 years and 45-49 years. Long-term sequelae include cognitive deficits [182].…”

Section: Diseases Caused By G Intestinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consumption of fresh produce was identified as a risk factor in children and consumption of composite ready-to-eat foods represented a highly significant risk factor in Canada. The consumption of unwashed vegetables increased the risk of giardiasis in Cuba and Malaysia [182].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Giardiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drinking water, fresh produce, composite ready to eat food, canned salmon, raw oysters, ice cream, noodle salad, chicken salad, dairy products, sandwiches, tripe soup, unpasteurized milk, shellfish, unidentified foods [177][178][179]182,194,195] Trypanosoma cruzi açaí juice, sugar cane juice, palm, guanabana, guava, milpesillo, majo, mango, mandarin, orange juices, raw meat [11,197] Balantioides In Table 1, it is possible to observe how for some pathogens ascertained links to infection sources are still lacking. Also those reported were defined on the basis of epidemiological investigations and the organisms were not found in the food or water samples causing the illnesses, either because no more available at the time of the outbreaks, or for the lack of sensitivity of the analytical methods [9,113].…”

Section: Giardia Intestinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protozoan Infections Acquired from Food or Drinking Water: An Update

Rossi,

Amadoro,

Santonicola

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This review summarizes the most recent developments of research on protozoan parasite infections ac-quired through food and drinking water and is aimed at gathering updated knowledge on the risk factors, illnesses caused, and measures for prevention. Reports included dated from 2019 to the present and regarded recent outbreaks and cases of severe infec-tions, prevalence in different population segments and food handlers, and occurrence in food and drinking water. Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Trypanosoma cruzi and Toxoplasma gondii were the microorganisms most frequently involved in large outbreaks and/or severe infections, while Cyclospora cayetanensis was most frequently involved in single case reports. Cystoisospora belli was implied in severe infections in immunocompromised patients, while Blastocystis homi-nis, Sarcocystis spp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Endolimax nana and Pentatrichomonas hominis appeared to be less relevant for number of symptomatic infections and pathogenic potential. A progressive improvement in surveillance of protozoan infections and infection sources was highlighted, especially in developed countries. The apparent increase in cases was concomitant with the implementa-tion of reporting systems and the application of molecular diagnostic methods that represent valuable in-struments for establishing epidemiological links and preventing or limiting outbreaks. The pathogenic role and sources of infection should be better elucidated for some species.

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“…G. intestinalis was implicated in stunting at 2 years of age and presented two peaks of morbidity, at ages 1-9 years and 45-49 years. Long-term sequelae include cognitive deficits [182].…”

Section: Diseases Caused By G Intestinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Giardiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Giardia Intestinalismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protozoan Infections Acquired from Food or Drinking Water: An Update

Rossi,

Amadoro,

Santonicola

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Travel abroad was a risk factor for giardiasis in industrialized countries. 29 A previous meta-analysis by Muhsen and Levine 7 revealed the association between endemic pediatric diarrhea and giardiasis in developing countries. Asia is the world's largest continent with the highest human population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 27 , 28 Therefore, this group has a higher probability of contracting infectious agents. According to a recent meta-analysis, 29 the risk factors for giardiasis were determined as exposure to sewage/wastewater, untreated drinking water and recreational waters. Interestingly, contact with pets was found to be a significant risk factor for giardiasis in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis among Asian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kalavani,

Matin,

Rahmanian

et al. 2023

International Health

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Giardia duodenalis is one of the major causes of diarrhea among children. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of G. duodenalis and associated risk factors among Asian children. We searched online databases (PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) and Google Scholar search engine for studies published from 1 January 2000 to 15 March 2022 that measured the prevalence of G. duodenalis among Asian children. Accordingly, the pooled prevalence and 95% CIs were estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model for the included studies. A total of 182 articles from 22 Asian countries met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of G. duodenalis infection among Asian children was estimated as 15.1% (95% CI 14.1 to 16%). The highest and lowest pooled prevalence values of G. duodenalis infection were estimated for Tajikistan and China as 26.4% (95% CI 22.9 to 30%) and 0.6% (95% CI 0.001 to 1.02%), respectively. The infection had a higher prevalence in males than in females (OR=1.24; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.31; p<0.001), which was statistically significant. Giardiasis is common among Asian children, hence, a prevention and control scheme of this protozoan in children should be considered by health officials and health policymakers, especially in Asian countries where the prevalence is highest.

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