Risk factors for precancerous cervical lesion among women screened for cervical cancer in south Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study

Beyene, Tesfalidet; Akibu, Mohammed; Bekele, Henok; Seyoum, Wengelawit

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0254663

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…33 The results suggest that to prevent precancerous cervical lesions one must consider changes of lifestyle and sexual behavior. 34 Women with parity greater than or equal to five had 2.4 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesion compared to women with parity less than five [AOR=2.41(95%CI: 1.23-4.75)], which is in line with Johannesburg South Africa, 35 this might be due to that high parity increases the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix among HPV-positive women. A general decline in parity might therefore partly explain the reduction in cervical cancer recently seen in most countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Precancerous Lesion of the Cervix and Associated Factors Among Women of West Wollega, West Ethiopia, 2022

Dibisa¹,

Dinka²,

Moti

et al. 2022

Cancer Control

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Background Precancerous cervical lesion is an abnormality in the cells of the cervix that could eventually develop into cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is a public health problem that contributes to the death of women worldwide. In line with the high burden of the issue, the Ethiopian government had attempted to expand cervical cancer screening centers and recommendation of services to age-eligible as well as high-risk groups of women. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the prevalence of precancerous lesions of cervix cancer among women aged 30-49 years and associated factors in West Wollega. Method Facility-based analytic cross-sectional study design was conducted in selected hospitals of West Wollega from January 1- February 20, 2022, among 339 women. A face-to-face interview was conducted and the presence or absence of precancerous cervical lesion was tested by visual inspection with acetic acid. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 25. Variable with P-value <.25 in the bi-variable analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Results with a P-value ≤ .05 at 95% confidence level were considered for statistical significance. Result The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions was 27.4% (95% CI: 22.7%32.1%). The mean standard deviation of participants was 35.22 +6.32 years. More than half (63.4%) and 67.6% of them were regarded as having good knowledge and a favorable attitude towards precancerous cervical lesions respectively. History of menstrual irregularity had two folds higher odds of being diagnosed with the precancerous cervical lesion when compared with counterparts at, [AOR = 2.29(95% CI:1.29-4.04]. Women with a history of STI had 3.5 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesion compared to women with no history of STI [AOR)=3.46(95% CI:1.94-6.18)], history of bleeding after sexual intercourse was 2.88 times more likely to have precancerous cervical lesion compared to those without it at [AOR=2.88(95% CI:1.43-5.78)]. Parity greater than or equal to five had 2.4 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesions compared to women with parity less than five at [AOR=2.41(95% CI: 1.23-4.75)]. History of steroid use had 3.5 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesion compared with opponents at [AOR=3.5(95% CI: 1.32-9.34) and women with an Unfavorable attitude towards screening for Cervical cancer screening, prevention, and control methods had 2.2 times higher odds of developing precancerous cervical lesion compared their counterpart at [AOR=2.15(95% CI: 1.21-3.83)]. Conclusion The precancerous cervical lesions continue to be a significant public health concern in Ethiopia. It will remain a significant cause of death of women unless effective screening methods like VIA and vaccination against HPV are scaled up. Furthermore, having a history of menstrual irregularities, STI, bleeding after coitus, parity greater than ≥5, steroid use, and having an unfavorable attitude towards screening factors are significantly associated with the occurrence of the precancerous lesion. Therefore, effective prevention approaches have to consider these factors for the control of cervical cancer in the early phase of the lesion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…33 The results suggest that to prevent precancerous cervical lesions one must consider changes of lifestyle and sexual behavior. 34…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precancerous Lesion of the Cervix and Associated Factors Among Women of West Wollega, West Ethiopia, 2022

Dibisa¹,

Dinka²,

Moti

et al. 2022

Cancer Control

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“…35 corroborate T A B L E 5 Clinical characteristics of women on antiretroviral treatment at Dukem Health Center, Ethiopia (n = 257). Bivariabe and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with PCCL among women on antiretroviral treatment at Dukem Health Center, Ethiopia.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

Precancerous cervical lesions and associated factors among women on antiretroviral therapy at Dukem Health Center, Central Ethiopia: A cross‐sectional study

Lemma,

Bala,

Hordofa

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsCervical cancer is a global public health problem and the second most common cancer which leads to morbidity and mortality among women in developing countries like Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, annually 6294 new cervical cancer cases and 4884 deaths are estimated in 2018 alone. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of precancerous cervical lesions among women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at Dukem Health Center, Central Ethiopia.MethodsAn institution‐based cross‐sectional study was carried out among randomly selected 257 women receiving ART at Dukem Health Center. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire, medical record review, and visual inspection with acetic acid. Collected data were entered into Epi‐info 7.4 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. The prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions and the characteristics of study participants were identified. Utilizing both binary and multivariable logistic regression models, the existence and degree of association with precancerous cervical lesions were determined with a p value < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions was 16% (95% CI: 11.7–20.6). Significant association was found between precancerous cervical lesions and a history of STIs (AOR = 4.30, 95% CI: 1.48–12.49), oral contraceptive use (AOR = 6.56, 95% CI: 2.10–20.50), having multiple lifetime sexual partners (AOR = 2.53: 95% CI: 1.05–6.10), and a recent CD4 count of less than 200 cells/mm3 (AOR: 11.33, 95% CI: 2.88–24.58).ConclusionIn the study area, the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions was relatively high. Therefore, concerned bodies are recommended to increase awareness of the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and limit sexual partners.

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“…This age group is sexually active, so unhealthy sexual behavior combined with the age of reporting cervical lesions greatly improves the detection rate of cervical lesions. A CCA screening study in southern Ethiopia showed [25] that the detection rate of precancerous cervical lesions was the highest among women aged 30-39 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors of cervical lesion among married women with low socioeconomic status: a study based on a cervical cancer screening program

Zhang,

Wang,

Ding

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Although China has a high incidence of cervical cancer, the screening rate is very low in women aged 35–64 years. Object: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cervical lesions in married women with low socioeconomic status, and the related risk factors to provide evidence for the development of cervical cancer prevention strategies. Methods We obtained data from the Cervical Cancer Screening Program database of Jinan, Shandong Province in 2020. Descriptive analysis was employed to estimate the prevalence of cervical lesions. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were used to investigate the association between the related variables and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Results Among 142677 women aged 35–64 years, 787 (0.55%) cervical lesions were detected, of which 503(0.35%) were CIN Ⅰ, 254(0.18%) were CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ, and 30(0.02%) were invasive cervical cancer. Being in the age group of 35–44 years (vs 55–64 years, Odds Ratio OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.03–1.72), high or technical secondary school level education (vs primary or below, OR = 1.47, 95%CI:1.13–1.90), living at higher level regions of economic development (vs living at lower level regions of economic development, OR = 1.40, 95%CI:1.16–1.68), and abnormal leukorrhea (vs normal leukorrhea, OR = 1.61, 95% CI:1.07–2.41) were associated with increased risk of cervical lesions. Menopause was found to be protective (vs no menopause, OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65–0.94). Conclusions Married women with lower socioeconomic status had a lower prevalence of cervical lesions but had a higher prevalence of cervical cancer. Those aged 35–44 years, with high or technical secondary school level education, living at higher level regions of economic development, with abnormal leucorrhea, and who were pre-menopausal were at higher risk for cervical lesions. Cervical cancer screening and prevention for these women should be strengthened.

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Risk factors for precancerous cervical lesion among women screened for cervical cancer in south Ethiopia: Unmatched case-control study

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Precancerous Lesion of the Cervix and Associated Factors Among Women of West Wollega, West Ethiopia, 2022

Precancerous Lesion of the Cervix and Associated Factors Among Women of West Wollega, West Ethiopia, 2022

Precancerous cervical lesions and associated factors among women on antiretroviral therapy at Dukem Health Center, Central Ethiopia: A cross‐sectional study

Prevalence and risk factors of cervical lesion among married women with low socioeconomic status: a study based on a cervical cancer screening program

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