Risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia: a case–control study

Abstract

The bronchoscopy, though usually safe, is occasionally associated with complications, such as pneumonia. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not recommended by the guidelines of the British Thoracic Society. Thus far there are few reports of the risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia; the purpose of this study was to evaluate these risk factors. We retrospectively collected data on patients in whom post-bronchoscopy pneumonia developed from the medical records of 2,265 patients who received 2666 diagnostic bronchoscopies at our institution between April 2006 and November 2011. Twice as many patients were enrolled in the control group as in the pneumonia group. The patients were matched for age and sex. In total, 37 patients (1.4%) had post-bronchoscopy pneumonia. Univariate analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of patients in the pneumonia group had tracheobronchial stenosis (75.7% vs 18.9%, p < 0.01) and a final diagnosis of primary lung cancer (75.7% vs 43.2%, p < 0.01) than in the control group. The pneumonia group tended to have more patients with a history of smoking (83.8% vs 67.1%, p = 0.06) or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (4.3% vs 14.9%, p = 0.14) than the control group. In multivariate analysis, we found that tracheobronchial stenosis remained an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia (odds ratio: 7.8, 95%CI: 2.5–24.2). In conclusion, tracheobronchial stenosis was identified as an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia by multivariate analysis in this age- and sex- matched case control study.

Association between oxygen saturation level during bronchoscopy and post-bronchoscopy adverse events: a retrospective cohort study

“…In a study of 2,265 patients, post-bronchoscopy pneumonia developed more frequently in patients who had a smoking history or received BAL. Moreover, tracheobronchial stenosis was reported as an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia [ 27 ]. In patients with lung cancer, old age, current smoking status, and central tumor location were independent predictors of post-bronchoscopy pneumonia [ 25 ].…”

Predictors of Occurrence and 30-Day Mortality for Co-Infection of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

“…Studies have shown that A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae readily colonizes the surfaces of medical devices, especially tracheal tubes, by forming biofilms ( Chung, 2016 ; Roy et al., 2022 ). Bringing colonized bacteria into the lesion during the examination and subsequently causing infection ( Sato et al., 2020 ). Therefore, it is essential to enhance operational hygiene and infection control measures for aseptic procedures ( Manandhar et al., 2021 ).…”

Pulmonary actinomycosis mimicking lung cancer on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography: a case report

“…In case of post-bronchoscopy fever [4,5], use of prophylactic antibiotics is not recommended according to the guidelines of the British Thoracic Society [6]. Moreover, tracheobronchial stenosis was considered an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia via a multivariate analysis in a case-control study [7]. Inappropriate use of antibiotics may contribute to falsenegative culture results.…”