Risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in Lithuanian rural population: CINDI survey 2007

Grabauskas, Vilius Jonas; Klumbienė, Jūratė; Petkevičienė, Janina; Petrauskienė, Aušra; Tamošiūnas, Abdonas; Kriaučionienė, Vilma; Ramažauskienė, Vitalija

doi:10.3390/medicina44080082

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…During BP-CARE study rate of total cholesterol higher than 5 mmol/l has been found in 59.3% of patients and low rates of HDL (<1 mmol/l for men and <1.3 mmol/l for women) has been found in 30.4% of the patients [14]. Comparing levels of TC in other countries of Europe on average 61% (54% men, 66% women) of patients has TC rate higher than 5 mmol/l, however Lithuania still has the highest prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The prevalence of dislipidemia and its relation to other risk factors: a nationwide survey of Lithuania

Rinkūnienė

Laucevičius

Petrulionienė

et al. 2015

Clinical Lipidology

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Aim:The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its relation to other cardiovascular risk factors in Lithuania. Design & methods: The Lithuanian High Cardiovascular Risk Primary Prevention program recruited men and women without overt cardiovascular disease. This report describes the group of 23,204 subjects. Results: Dyslipidemia was diagnosed in 89.7% of subjects. All the main cardiovascular risk factors except for smoking were present more often among patients with dyslipidemia. The average number of risk factors (arterial hypertension, abdominal obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, smoking, insufficient physical activity, unbalanced diet and family history of CVD) in subjects with dyslipidemia was 3.09 (compared with 2.42 in subjects without it). Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is a most frequent risk factor among middle-aged Lithuanian subjects without cardiovascular disease and has been diagnosed in nine out of ten subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The prevalence of dislipidemia and its relation to other risk factors: a nationwide survey of Lithuania

Rinkūnienė

Laucevičius

Petrulionienė

et al. 2015

Clinical Lipidology

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“…3 There is also evidence of high rates of risk factors for NCDs overall. 20 Conversely, some recent studies have indicated that obesity prevalence may be decreasing among Lithuanian adults, although these estimates are based on self-reported data, which may introduce a degree of bias. 21 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in age-specific coronary heart disease mortality in the European Union over three decades: 1980–2009

et al. 2013

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AimsRecent decades have seen very large declines in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality across most of Europe, partly due to declines in risk factors such as smoking. Cardiovascular diseases (predominantly CHD and stroke), remain, however, the main cause of death in most European countries, and many risk factors for CHD, particularly obesity, have been increasing substantially over the same period. It is hypothesized that observed reductions in CHD mortality have occurred largely within older age groups, and that rates in younger groups may be plateauing or increasing as the gains from reduced smoking rates are increasingly cancelled out by increasing rates of obesity and diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine sex-specific trends in CHD mortality between 1980 and 2009 in the European Union (EU) and compare trends between adult age groups.MethodsSex-specific data from the WHO global mortality database were analysed using the joinpoint software to examine trends and significant changes in trends in age-standardized mortality rates. Specific age groups analysed were: under 45, 45–54, 55–64, and 65 years and over. The number and location of significant joinpoints for each country by sex and age group was determined (maximum of 3) using a log-linear model, and the annual percentage change within each segment calculated. Average annual percentage change overall (1980–2009) and separately for each decade were calculated with respect to the underlying joinpoint model.ResultsRecent CHD rates are now less than half what they were in the early 1980s in many countries, in younger adult age groups as well as in the population overall. Trends in mortality rates vary markedly between EU countries, but less so between age groups and sexes within countries. Fifteen countries showed evidence of a recent plateauing of trends in at least one age group for men, as did 12 countries for women. This did not, however, appear to be any more common in younger age groups compared with older adults. There was little evidence to support the hypothesis that mortality rates have recently begun to plateau in younger age groups in the EU as a whole, although such plateaus and even a small number of increases in CHD mortality in younger subpopulations were observed in a minority of countries.ConclusionThere is limited evidence to support the hypothesis that CHD mortality rates in younger age groups in the member states of the EU have been more likely to plateau than in older age groups. There are, however, substantial and persistent inequalities between countries. It remains vitally important for the whole EU to monitor and work towards reducing preventable risk factors for CHD and other chronic conditions to promote wellbeing and equity across the region.

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“…Moreover, positive changes in nutritional habits of Lithuanians occurred over the last decades of the post-communist transition period and has contributed to the decrease in mean TC and LDL-C levels [3,4]. However, the prevalence of other cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension, smoking and obesity, remains very high in Lithuania [29]. It is obvious, that the risk of cardiovascular disease is determined by multiple genetic and environmental factors, and the impact of one gene is very limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between APOE, SCARB1, PPARα polymorphisms and serum lipids in a population of Lithuanian adults

et al. 2013

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BackgroundDyslipidemia is one of several known risk factors for coronary heart disease, a leading cause of death in Lithuania. Blood lipid levels are influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological studies demonstrated the impact of nutrition on lipid levels within the Lithuanian population although the role of genetic factors for dyslipidemias has not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution of the APOE, SCARB1, PPARα genotypes in the Lithuanian adult population and to determine the relationship of these genotypes with dyslipidemia.MethodsA cross-sectional health survey was carried out in a representative random sample of the Lithuanian population aged 25–64 (n=1030). A variety of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the APOE (rs429358 and rs7412), SCARB1 (rs5888) and PPARα (rs1800206) genes were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum lipids were determined using enzymatic methods.Results/Principal findingsMen and women with the APOE2 genotype had the lowest level of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Men with the APOE2 genotype had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (TG) than those with the APOE3 genotype. In men, the carriers of the APOE4 genotype had higher odds ratios (OR) of reduced (<1.0 mmol/L) high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels versus APOE3 carriers (OR=1.98; 95% CI=1.05-3.74). The odds of having elevated (>1.7 mmol/L) TG levels was significantly lower in SCARB1 genotype CT carriers compared to men with the SCARB1 genotype CC (OR=0.50; 95% CI=0.31-0.79). In men, carriers of the PPARα genotype CG had higher OR of elevated TG levels versus carriers of PPARα genotype CC (OR=2.67; 95% CI=1.15-6.16). The odds of having high LDL-C levels were lower in women with the APOE2 genotype as compared to APOE3 genotype carriers (OR=0.35; 95% CI=0.22-0.57).Conclusions/SignificanceOur data suggest a gender difference in the associations between APOE, SCARB1, PPARα genotypes and lipid levels. In men, the APOE4 genotype and PPARα genotype CG were correlated with an atherogenic lipid profile while the SCARB1 genotype CT had an atheroprotective effect. In women, APOE2 carriers had the lowest odds of high LDL-C.

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Risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in Lithuanian rural population: CINDI survey 2007

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

The prevalence of dislipidemia and its relation to other risk factors: a nationwide survey of Lithuania

The prevalence of dislipidemia and its relation to other risk factors: a nationwide survey of Lithuania

Trends in age-specific coronary heart disease mortality in the European Union over three decades: 1980–2009

Association between APOE, SCARB1, PPARα polymorphisms and serum lipids in a population of Lithuanian adults

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