Association between APOE, SCARB1, PPARα polymorphisms and serum lipids in a population of Lithuanian adults

Abstract

BackgroundDyslipidemia is one of several known risk factors for coronary heart disease, a leading cause of death in Lithuania. Blood lipid levels are influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Epidemiological studies demonstrated the impact of nutrition on lipid levels within the Lithuanian population although the role of genetic factors for dyslipidemias has not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to assess the distribution of the APOE, SCARB1, PPARα genotypes in the Lithuanian adult population and to determine the relationship of these genotypes with dyslipidemia.MethodsA cross-sectional health survey was carried out in a representative random sample of the Lithuanian population aged 25–64 (n=1030). A variety of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the APOE (rs429358 and rs7412), SCARB1 (rs5888) and PPARα (rs1800206) genes were assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum lipids were determined using enzymatic methods.Results/Principal findingsMen and women with the APOE2 genotype had the lowest level of total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Men with the APOE2 genotype had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (TG) than those with the APOE3 genotype. In men, the carriers of the APOE4 genotype had higher odds ratios (OR) of reduced (<1.0 mmol/L) high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels versus APOE3 carriers (OR=1.98; 95% CI=1.05-3.74). The odds of having elevated (>1.7 mmol/L) TG levels was significantly lower in SCARB1 genotype CT carriers compared to men with the SCARB1 genotype CC (OR=0.50; 95% CI=0.31-0.79). In men, carriers of the PPARα genotype CG had higher OR of elevated TG levels versus carriers of PPARα genotype CC (OR=2.67; 95% CI=1.15-6.16). The odds of having high LDL-C levels were lower in women with the APOE2 genotype as compared to APOE3 genotype carriers (OR=0.35; 95% CI=0.22-0.57).Conclusions/SignificanceOur data suggest a gender difference in the associations between APOE, SCARB1, PPARα genotypes and lipid levels. In men, the APOE4 genotype and PPARα genotype CG were correlated with an atherogenic lipid profile while the SCARB1 genotype CT had an atheroprotective effect. In women, APOE2 carriers had the lowest odds of high LDL-C.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α in Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis

“…In a population of Lithuanian adult men, the carriers of the PPARα genotype CC have a reduced triglyceride level when compared with the ones of CG, suggesting that PPARα gene polymorphism may also have a profound effect on triglyceride metabolism [57]. Currently, several explanations for the triglyceride-lowering effect of PPARα have been put forward.…”

Significant interaction of APOE rs4420638 polymorphism with HDL-C and APOA-I levels in coronary heart disease in Han Chinese men

“…APOE is a glycoprotein that plays a fundamental role in lipid metabolism. APOE polymorphisms are related to lipid levels in CHD patients (Smalinskiene et al, 2013). SNP rs4420638, located in the APOE-C1-C2 cluster, is significantly associated with plasma LDL-C and APOB concentration (Ken-Dror et al, 2010).…”

“…APOE is recognized for its importance in lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease (Onat et al, 2013). APOE polymorphisms (rs429358 and rs7412) have shown an association with serum lipids in certain populations (Smalinskiene et al, 2013). These variants are associated with differences in lipid risk factors and atherosclerosis (Heidari et al, 2013).…”

“…These variants are associated with differences in lipid risk factors and atherosclerosis (Heidari et al, 2013). APOE polymorphisms have been extensively studied as predictors of cardiovascular disease (Smalinskiene et al, 2013). The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4420638 is located in the APOE-C1-C2 cluster on the 19q13 chromosome.…”

GENDER DISPARITIES OF CIRCULATORY DISEASE PROGRESS IN THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT CLEAN-UP WORKERS AND PHOS-PHODIESTERASE 4D GENE rs966221 POLYMORPHISM

“…Стан серцево судинної системи у осіб жіночої статі досить широко вивчався, але це не стосува лось жінок, які зазнали радіаційного впливу вна слідок аварії на Чорнобильській АЕС (ЧАЕС), не проводилось порівняння їх здоров'я з чоловіками, в першу чергу учасниками ліквідації наслідків аварії (УЛНА). У жінок УЛНА практично не вивчалась ге нетична прихильність до хвороб серцево судинної системи, хоча такі дослідження проводились у жінок загальної популяції [5,6] та чоловіків УЛНА. У останніх оцінювали асоціацію SNP83 rs966221 (single nucleotide polymorphism) гена фосфодіестера зи 4D (PDE4D) з ризиком розвитку інфаркту міокар да (ІМ) [7,8].…”