Risk factors for missed abortion: retrospective analysis of a single institution’s experience

Abstract

Objective To explore the risk factors including the difference between mean gestational sac diameter and crown-rump length for missed abortion. Methods Hospitalized patients with missed abortion and patients with continuing pregnancy to the second trimester from Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The best cut-off value for age and difference between mean gestational sac diameter and crown-rump length (mGSD-CRL) were obtained by x-tile software. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted to identify the possible risk factors for missed abortion. Results Age, gravidity, parity, history of cesarean section, history of recurrent abortion (≥ 3 spontaneous abortions), history of ectopic pregnancy and overweight or obesity (BMI > 24 kg/m2) were related to missed abortion in univariate analysis. However, only age (≥ 30 vs < 30 years: OR = 1.683, 95%CI = 1.017–2.785, P = 0.043, power = 54.4%), BMI (> 24 vs ≤ 24 kg/m2: OR = 2.073, 95%CI = 1.056–4.068, P = 0.034, power = 81.3%) and mGSD-CRL (> 20.0vs ≤ 11.7 mm: OR = 2.960, 95% CI = 1.397–6.273, P = 0.005, power = 98.9%; 11.7 < mGSD-CRL ≤ 20.0vs > 20.0 mm: OR = 0.341, 95%CI = 0.172–0.676, P = 0.002, power = 84.8%) were identified as independent risk factors for missed abortion in multivariate analysis. Conclusion Patients with age ≥ 30 years, BMI > 24 kg/m2 or mGSD-CRL > 20 mm had increasing risk for missed abortion, who should be more closely monitored and facilitated with necessary interventions at first trimester or even before conception to reduce the occurrence of missed abortion to have better clinical outcomes.

Adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancies in women with history of recurrent spontaneous abortion: A meta‐analysis

“…A total of 57 titles and abstracts were read based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, 15 studies [10][11][12][13]26,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] were included in this meta-analysis. The literature search flow chart is shown in Figure 1.…”

Using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to predict potential biomarkers for missed miscarriage and its metabolic pathways in a tertiary center: A cross‐sectional analytic study

“…Furthermore, the uterus may no longer be enlarged, but instead may contract in size. 1 In recent years, studies have reported that the incidence of missed abortion is on the rise. Allameh et al 2 found that the incidence of missed abortion in clinical diagnosis was 15%-20%.…”

“…There may also be symptoms similar to a threatened abortion, such as vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain, but there may even be a complete lack of symptoms. Furthermore, the uterus may no longer be enlarged, but instead may contract in size 1 …”

HTR1B regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and mitophagy by activating the ERK/ MAPK signalling pathway during human embryonic arrest

“…Some recognized causes of EA include chromosomal abnormalities, immune factors, endocrine factors, infectious factors, reproductive organ malformations, environmental factors, and maternal behavior and lifestyle. EA can occur at any stage of pregnancy, with 80 % of cases occurring in the early stages [ 3 , 4 ]. There are no effective diagnostic methods for pregnant women at risk of EA or treatments for those with EA.…”