Risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases according to the “hygiene hypothesis”: A case–control, multi-centre, prospective study in Southern Italy

Castiglione, Fabiana; Diaferia, M.; Morace, F.; Labianca, O.; Meucci, C.; Cuomo, Antonio; Panarese, Antonio; Romano, Marco; Sorrentini, I.; D'Onofrio, Caterina; Caporaso, Nicola; Rispo, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.crohns.2011.09.003

Cited by 88 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A total of 10, 8, and 3 studies provided information on association between home or bedroom sharing and CD, UC, or IBD respectively (Table 1) 12, 13, 15, 19, 20, 24, 28-32 . Five examined exposure during early childhood and six were in a non-white population.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Hygiene and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Cholapranee

Ananthakrishnan

2016

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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Background According to the hygiene hypothesis, individuals raised in a sanitary environment have a higher risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, results have been inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review of factors related to environmental hygiene and risk of IBD, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods A systematic search was performed on MEDLINE between 1980-2015 to identify studies of the association between IBD and contact with pets and farm animals, number of siblings, bedroom sharing in childhood, access to personal toilet and hot water. Random or fixed effect meta-analyses were performed, and analysis further stratified based on ethnicity of the included cohort. Results A total of 29 relevant studies were included. Having a pet (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63 – 0.88) and contact with farm animals was inversely associated with risk of IBD (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.31 – 0.60). However, the strength of association with farm animals was statistically stronger in non-white cohorts (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.02 – 0.53) than white cohorts (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.45 – 0.65) (p=0.028). Access to toilet (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.56 – 0.85) and hot water (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.44 – 0.89) was inversely associated with UC in non-white populations but not Caucasians. Having more than 2 siblings was inversely associated with risk of CD. Conclusions Several factors pertaining to reduced environmental hygiene are inversely associated with risk of IBD. However, underlying ethnicity influences susceptibility to the effect of these factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Hygiene and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Cholapranee

Ananthakrishnan

2016

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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“…Comparison I was conducted among 11 studies (5)(6)(7)19,25,27,28,(30)(31)(32)34) with 10,889 subjects (UC patients: 4,673; healthy control: 6,216). …”

Section: The Results Of Comparison I: Appendectomy Was a Protective Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, 321 completely unrelated studies and 140 reviews, letters or abstracts were excluded, and 45 articles remained. By screening of the full text, 19 studies were finally included in the present meta-analysis (5)(6)(7)(15)(16)(17)19,(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). The basic information of the selected studies is listed in tables I-III.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that the number of patients with UC is on the rise year by year in our country, and UC contributes to developing cancers such as colorectal cancer (1). Extensive epidemiology studies on IBD have been conducted and its risk factors, such as familial aggregation, smoking habits and appendectomy, have been identified (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-analysis of the association between appendiceal orifice inflammation and appendectomy and ulcerative colitis

Deng

Wu²

2016

Rev Esp Enferm Dig

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between appendiceal orifice inflammation (AOI) and appendectomy and ulcerative colitis (UC) by a meta-analysis.Methods: Databases were thoroughly searched for studies on AOI and UC up to January 2016. Three comparisons were performed: a) whether the previous appendectomy was a risk factor of UC; b) influence of appendectomy on UC courses; c) influence of AOI on UC severity. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were the effects sizes. The merging of results and publication bias assessment were performed by using RevMan 5.3. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0.Results: Nineteen studies were selected in the present study. Conclusion: In conclusion, this meta-analysis indicated appendectomy can reduce the risk of UC. But appendectomy or AOI had no influence on the severity of the disease and the effect of surgical treatment.

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“…Since it contained many highly aggregated categories (other cancers, other heart diseases, other vascular diseases), we dis-aggregated the categories using values in the SAMMEC categorization [7]. Meta-analyses of studies were used to provide RRs for peptic ulcers [14-16], Crohn’s disease [17-21] and ulcerative colitis in former smokers [17-19,21-23]. To complete the list of diagnoses (Table 1), we added the specific (protective effects) of Parkinson’s disease [24-26], endometrial cancer [27-29] and ulcerative colitis in current smokers [17-23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of smoking in Israel–attributable mortality and costs (2014)

Ginsberg

Geva

2014

Isr J Health Policy Res

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BackgroundTobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death, incurring huge resource costs in terms of treating morbidity and lost productivity. This paper estimates smoking attributable mortality (SAM) as health costs in 2014 in Israel.MethodsLongitudinal data on prevalence of smokers and ex-smokers were combined with diagnostic and gender specific data on Relative Risks (RR) to gender and disease specific population attributable risks (PAR). PAR was then applied to mortality and hospitalization data from 2011, adjusted by population growth to 2014 to calculate SAM and hospitalization days (SAHD) caused by active smoking. These were used as a base for calculating deaths, hospital days and costs attributable to passive smoking, smoking by pregnant women, residential fires and productivity losses based on international literature.ResultsThe lagged model estimated active SAM in Israel in 2014 to be 7,025 deaths. Cardio-vascular causes accounted for 45.0% of SAM, malignant neoplasms (39.2%) and respiratory diseases (15.5%). Lung cancer alone accounted for 24.1% of SAM. There were an estimated 793, 17 and 12 deaths from passive smoking, mothers-to-be smoking and residential fires. Total SAM is around 7,847 deaths (95% CI 7,698-7,997) in 2014.We estimated 319,231 active SAHD days (95% CI 313,135-325,326). Respiratory care accounted for around one-half of active SAHD (50.5%). Cardio-Vascular causes for 33.5% and malignant neoplasms (13.2%). Lung cancer only for 4.6%. Total SAHD was around 356,601 days including 36,049 days from passive smoking. Estimated direct acute care costs of 356,601 days in a general hospital amount to around 849 (95% CI 832–865) million NIS ($244 million). Non acute care costs amount to an additional 830 million NIS ($238 million). The total health service costs amount to 1,678 million NIS (95% CI 1,646-1,710) or $482 million, 0.2% of GNP. Productivity losses account for a further 1,909 million NIS ($548 million), giving an overall smoking related cost of 3,587 million NIS (95% CI 3,519-3,656) or $1,030 million, 0.41% of GNP).ConclusionsSmoking causes a considerable burden in Israel, both in terms of the expected 7,847 lives lost and the financial costs of around 3.6 million NIS ($1,030 million or 0.42% of GNP).

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Risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases according to the “hygiene hypothesis”: A case–control, multi-centre, prospective study in Southern Italy

Cited by 88 publications

References 28 publications

Environmental Hygiene and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Environmental Hygiene and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Meta-analysis of the association between appendiceal orifice inflammation and appendectomy and ulcerative colitis

The burden of smoking in Israel–attributable mortality and costs (2014)

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