Risk Factors for Infection of Staphylococcus aureus: Nasal Carriage, Skin Carriage and Multi-antibiotic Resistance in Healthy Individuals

Nmema, Eucharia Ezenwanyi

doi:10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32307

BJMMR

2017

DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2017/32307

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Risk Factors for Infection of Staphylococcus aureus: Nasal Carriage, Skin Carriage and Multi-antibiotic Resistance in Healthy Individuals

Eucharia Ezenwanyi Nmema

Abstract: Aims: The study investigated the nasal and skin carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in healthy individuals and the antibiotic resistance profile. Study Design: A descriptive laboratory based surveillance study.

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2023

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A meta-analysis on the prevalence of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to different antibiotics in Nigeria

Ezeh

Eze

Dibua

et al. 2023

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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Background Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus has resulted to difficulty in treatment of infections caused by such strains. The aim of this meta-analysis study was to determine the pooled prevalence of resistance of S. aureus to different antibiotics in Nigeria. Methods Literature search for studies was done using Google scholar, PubMed, Science direct, and African Journal Online. The prevalence of S. aureus resistance to different antibiotics was evaluated using the meta-analysis proportion command in MedCalc software version 20.0 adopting a rand effect model. I2 statistic and Egger test in MedCalc was used to evaluate the heterogeneity and the presence of publication bias among studies respectively. Results A total of 40, 682 studies were retrieved through the database search of which 98 studies met the study inclusion criteria. Prevalence of resistance of S. aureus to different antibiotics ranges from 13 to 82%. Results showed a very high degree of resistance to penicillin G (82% [95% confidence interval (CI) 61%, 0.96%]), cloxacillin (77% [95% CI 64%, 88%]), amoxacillin (74% [95% CI 66%, 81%]), cefuroxime (69% [95% CI 51%, 85%]), ampicillin (68% [95% CI 53%, 81%]). Moderately resistance to erythromycin (47% [95% CI 40%, 53%]), chloramphenicol (47% [95% CI 37%, 56%]), methicillin (46% [95% CI 37%, 56%]), ofloxacin (24% [95% CI 18%, 31%]) and rifampicin 24% [95% CI 6%, 48%]). Low resistance was observed in vancomycin 13% (95% CI 7%, 21%). For each individual meta-analysis, high heterogeneity was observed with I2 range (79.36–98.60%) at p-values ≤ 0.01). Egger’s tests for regression intercept in funnel plots indicated no evidence of publication bias. Conclusion This meta-analysis study established that S. aureus in Nigeria has developed resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as the beta-lactam class antibiotics, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and vancomycin. Hence it is imperative to develop programs to promote rational use of antimicrobial agents, infection prevention and control to reduce the incidence of antimicrobial resistance.

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A meta-analysis on the prevalence of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to different antibiotics in Nigeria

Ezeh

Eze

Dibua

et al. 2023

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Risk Factors for Infection of Staphylococcus aureus: Nasal Carriage, Skin Carriage and Multi-antibiotic Resistance in Healthy Individuals

Abstract: Aims: The study investigated the nasal and skin carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in healthy individuals and the antibiotic resistance profile. Study Design: A descriptive laboratory based surveillance study.

Cited by 1 publication

References 22 publications

A meta-analysis on the prevalence of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to different antibiotics in Nigeria

A meta-analysis on the prevalence of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to different antibiotics in Nigeria

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