Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Jensen, Allan; Wachmann, C. H.; Poulsen, Kjeld B.; Espersen, Frank; Scheibel, J.; Skinhøj, Peter; Frimodt‐Møller, Niels

doi:10.1001/archinte.159.13.1437

Cited by 143 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The mortality-rate ratio for cancer was 1.7 (95%CI:0.8-3.5). However, this was not significantly (p = 0.14) different from baseline mortality [12].…”

Section: The Studiesmentioning

confidence: 57%

Pediatric mortality due to nosocomial infection: a critical approach

Lopes¹,

Goulart²,

Starling³

2007

Braz J Infect Dis

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Nosocomial infection is a frequent event with potentially lethal consequences. We reviewed the literature on the predictive factors for mortality related to nosocomial infection in pediatric medicine. Electronic searches in English, Spanish and Portuguese of the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS and Cochrane Collaboration Databases was performed, focusing on studies that had been published from 1996 to 2006. The key words were: nosocomial infection and mortality and pediatrics/neonate/newborn/child/infant/adolescent. The risk factors found to be associated with mortality were: nosocomial infection itself, leukemia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, corticosteroid therapy, multiple organ failure, previous antimicrobial therapy, catheter use duration, candidemia, cancer, bacteremia, age over 60, invasive procedures, mechanical ventilation, transport out of the pediatric intensive care unit, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Burkholderia cepacia infections, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II scores over 15. Among these factors, the only one that can be minimized is inadequate antimicrobial treatment, which has proven to be an important contributor to hospital mortality in critically-ill patients. There is room for further prognosis research on this matter to determine local differences. Such research requires appropriate epidemiological design and statistical analysis so that pediatric death due to nosocomial infection can be reduced and health care quality improved in pediatric hospitals.

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“…The mortality-rate ratio for cancer was 1.7 (95%CI:0.8-3.5). However, this was not significantly (p = 0.14) different from baseline mortality [12].…”

Section: The Studiesmentioning

confidence: 57%

Pediatric mortality due to nosocomial infection: a critical approach

Lopes¹,

Goulart²,

Starling³

2007

Braz J Infect Dis

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“…The search revealed nine publications that reported differences between men and women with respect to incidence of BSI (Table 5, available online). [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Controlling for a variety of covariates, three of the articles reported that men had significantly higher infection rates than women, and six reported no significant gender differences. Although the majority found no significant gender differences, the fact that all studies reporting significant differences found that males were at higher risk suggests a possible association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in Risk of Bloodstream and Surgical Site Infections

et al. 2013

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BACKGROUND:Identifying patients most at risk for hospital-and community-associated infections is one essential strategy for preventing infections. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether rates of community-and healthcare-associated bloodstream and surgical site infections varied by patient gender in a large cohort after controlling for a wide variety of possible confounders. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: All patients discharged from January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2008 (133,756 adult discharges and 66,592 pediatric discharges) from a 650-bed tertiary care hospital, a 220-bed community hospital, and a 280-bed pediatric acute care hospital within a large, academic medical center in New York, NY. MAIN MEASURES: Data were collected retrospectively from various electronic sources shared by the hospitals and linked using patients' unique medical record numbers. Infections were identified using previously validated computerized algorithms. KEY RESULTS: Odds of community-associated bloodstream infections, healthcare-associated bloodstream infections, and surgical site infections were significantly lower for women than for men after controlling for present-on-admission patient characteristics and events during the hospital stay [odds ratios (95 % confidence intervals) were 0. 85 (0.77-0.93), 0.82 (0.74-0.91), and 0.78 (0.68-0.91), respectively]. Gender differences were greatest for older adolescents (12-17 years) and adults 18-49 years and least for young children (<12 years) and older adults (≥70 years). CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort, men were at higher risk for bloodstream and surgical site infections, possibly due to differences in propensity for skin colonization or other anatomical differences.

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“…Por exemplo, os ECoN são bactérias que colonizam a pele, fossas nasais e orofaringe dos humanos, sendo consideradas bactérias oportunistas de grande importância dentro de hospitais, principalmente pela sua capacidade de colonizar cateteres e sondas (Deighton & Beverley 1990, Stratton 2000, Arciola et al 2001. Staphylococcus aureus pode ser encontrado como parte da fl ora normal ou transitória do homem, sendo considerado um dos principais patógenos relacionados com infecções nosocomiais (Jensen et al 1999, Almeida et al 2007.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Disseminação de bactérias patogênicas por formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em dois hospitais do nordeste do Brasil

Fontana¹,

Wetler²,

Aquino³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Nosocomial infections bring a high risk to the health of hospital patients and employees. Ants are common organisms in Brazilian hospitals, where they can act as dispersers of opportunistic microorganisms in places they forage. The occurrence of multi-resistant bacteria carried by ants was analyzed in two public hospitals (HA and HB) in southeastern Bahia, Brazil. In these two hospitals 132 workers belonging to three ant species were collected. The bacteria associated to these ants were identifi ed and their susceptibility to antibiotics was evaluated. More than half (57.3%) of ants collected in HA were associated with some kind of bacteria, with 26.7% of them being opportunist bacteria, while 84,2% of the ants from HB presented associated bacteria growth, with 61.4% of them being opportunist bacteria. Twenty four species of bacteria were isolated. The Gram-positive bacilli of the genus Bacillus were the most frequent, followed by the Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli (family Enterobacteriaceae) and Gram-negative non-fermenters bacilli. The profi le of sensitivity of the bacterial isolates to drugs pointed out the existence of multi-resistant isolates carried by ants. For the fi rst time, are reported cases of the same bacterial resistant isolates taken form homospecifi c ant workers that point out the importance of ants to bacteria dissemination and proliferation in a hospital. Our results suggest that the risk of contamination presented by these ants is similar to the one of any other mechanical vector of bacterial dissemination.KEY WORDS: Nosocomial infection, public health, urban ant O êxodo contínuo da população mundial rural e o consequente crescimento acelerado dos conglomerados urbanos provocacom frequência, a redução da qualidade sanitária das cidades, acompanhada da proliferação de vetores de inúmeras doenças. O papel de alguns desses vetores já é bem conhecido, como o dos ratos na propagação de zoonoses como a leptospirose e hantavirose, piolhos de Rickettsia spp., pulgas na transmissão de doenças como a peste bubônica e o tifo murino, e mosquitos na transmissão de inúmeras doenças de importância à saúde pública no Brasil, como a malária e a dengue.

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Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Abstract: The presence of a central venous catheter is an important risk factor, and hyponatremia and anemia are associated with the development of hospital-acquired SAB. Furthermore, hospital-acquired SAB in itself increases mortality.

Cited by 143 publications

References 76 publications

Pediatric mortality due to nosocomial infection: a critical approach

Pediatric mortality due to nosocomial infection: a critical approach

Gender Differences in Risk of Bloodstream and Surgical Site Infections

Disseminação de bactérias patogênicas por formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em dois hospitais do nordeste do Brasil

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