Risk factors for childhood overweight

Agras, W. Stewart; Mascola, Anthony

doi:10.1097/01.mop.0000172818.87261.ab

Cited by 75 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Weight during childhood is largely attributed to postnatal diet and exercise habits [3,4]. Birthweight has also been reported to affect weight trends in children and adolescents, suggesting that some programming of weight status occurs in utero [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal growth is increased by maternal type 1 diabetes and HLA DR4-related gene interactions

et al. 2007

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Aims/hypothesis Intrauterine growth in non-diabetic pregnancies is reported to be influenced by type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes. In particular, the high-risk HLA DR4_DQB1*0302 haplotype is associated with increased birthweight. The aim of this study was to determine whether HLA DR4 was associated with increased birthweight in a maternal diabetes environment and whether effects persisted during early childhood. Subjects and methods Birthweight and gestational age were obtained in singleton births from mothers with type 1 diabetes (n=1161) or whose fathers or siblings have type 1 diabetes (n=872). Weight and height at ages 2 and 5 years were obtained from paediatric records. Data were adjusted for (gestational) age and sex and expressed as percentiles of German reference data. HLA DR typing was obtained for all children and 1090 children also had insulin gene (INS) variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) typing. Results Maternal type 1 diabetes was associated with increased birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentiles (all p<0.0001). In children of mothers with type 1 diabetes, birthweight percentile was further related to maternal HbA 1c during pregnancy (r=0.26; p<0.0001) and was independently increased if children had HLA DR4 alleles (76th vs 64th percentile; p<0.0001). HLA DR4 was not associated with birthweight in children of non-diabetic mothers. Birthweight was not associated with INS VNTR genotypes. High birthweight, but not HLA DR4 was associated with increased weight and BMI at ages 2 and 5 years (p<0.0001). Conclusions/interpretation Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that a diabetic intrauterine environment interacts with gene(s) marked by the type 1 diabetes susceptibility HLA DR4 alleles to increase fetal growth.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal growth is increased by maternal type 1 diabetes and HLA DR4-related gene interactions

et al. 2007

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“…1 Parental weight has proven to be one of the most important independent predictors of childhood obesity (17.9% of children with overweight parents and grandparents are overweight vs 7.9% with normal weight parents and grandparents 2 ) and, consequently, of obesity in adulthood. 3,4 While parents and children share both genetic and environmental factors, data from the Framingham Heart Study showed that if one's partner becomes obese, the likelihood that the other partner will become obese increases by 37%. 5 For patients with morbid obesity, gastric bypass surgery is one of the most reliable and effective treatments when previous interventions for achieving and maintaining weight loss have been unsuccessful.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gastric Bypass May Promote Weight Loss in Overweight Partners

Aarts

Radhakishun

Vliet

et al. 2015

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

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Introduction: Following bariatric surgery, patients are expected to implement diet and lifestyle changes that may be imitated by cohabitating family members. We hypothesize that cohabitating family members will lose weight and improve their eating behavior within 1 year after surgery.Methods: In this observational prospective study, family members of patients who had gastric bypass surgery (88 partners, 20 children >18 years old, and 25 children between 12 and 17 years old) were repeatedly assessed. Family members were asked to assess their weight and height before and 3, 6, and 12 months following bariatric surgery, and they filled out the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire.Results

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“…As a result of these health problems, obesity raises annual health care costs by an estimated $2741 per obese adult ($190.2 billion per year overall) representing 20.6% of U.S. national health care expenditures (Cawley and Meyerhoefer, 2012). Moreover, obesity leads to lower productivity in the labor market (Baum and Ford, 2004;Cawley, 2004;Han et al, 2009) and the intergenerational transfer of obesity may result in spillover effects for future generations (Agras and Mascola, 2005). Thus, identifying important risk factors for obesity and leveraging this information to design effective health policies and health care interventions can improve population health, reduce health care costs, and enhance labor market productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%