Risk Factors for Asthma in a Helminth Endemic Area in Bahia, Brazil

Cardoso, Luciana Santos; Costa, Dayana Bastos; Almeida, Maria Ângela Ornelas de; Souza, Robson P.; Carvalho, Edgar M.; Araújo, Maria Ilma; Oliveira, Ricardo Riccio

doi:10.1155/2012/796820

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…In the city of Salvador-BA, a study using the ISAAC quiz (round 2) analyzed 1,445 children living in poor neighborhoods of the city, where high prevalences of helminths such as A scaris lumbricoides and low prevalence of allergic manifestations were found, suggesting helminth protection (48) and corroborating with the study done by Cardoso et al (49), in the same city.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Enteroparasites, Respiratory Allergy and Other Signs and Symptoms in Childs and Youth Population of Recôncavo of Bahia – Brazil

Amor¹,

Fonsêca²,

Marques³

et al. 2018

JAAID

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Respiratory allergies may develop at any age, but the onset are more frequent in childhood and juvenile population due to genetic factors and to development of the immune system, which may presents as rhinitis and/or asthma. In Brazil, asthma is the second cause of hospital admission in children aged four to nine years old and the third in adolescents. Exposure to pathogens, particularly helminths, and their products are common in developing countries, and it appears to protect against the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases in experimental and human models. Based on these data, the present study investigated the presence of allergic conditions, infection by intestinal parasites and symptomatology on the juvenile population of the rural area of Santo Antônio de Jesus (Bahia -Brazil), from July to October, 2015. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate asthma and allergic symptoms and the parasitological feces exam was performed in 47 individuals. The study identified 81% of the positive samples for at least one parasite species; 45% polyparasitism; and the prevalence to Endolimax nana (48%) and hookworms (39%); eczema as the predominant allergic manifestation (34%) and headache, fatigue after physical activity, urticaria, itching in the head and nervousness as the most frequent signs and symptoms. The prevalence of enteroparasites, respiratory allergy and the symptoms associated with each of them are present in the studied population, and it may be related not only to the infection, but also to the presence of previous or overlapping diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Enteroparasites, Respiratory Allergy and Other Signs and Symptoms in Childs and Youth Population of Recôncavo of Bahia – Brazil

Amor¹,

Fonsêca²,

Marques³

et al. 2018

JAAID

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“…The type 2 cytokine response as a result of larval migration, as described in this study, may have evolved to protect against helminth reinfection but simultaneously makes the host more susceptible to allergic airway disease (13,15,36,37). Alternatively, other clinical studies suggest that Ascaris infection may protect against allergic disease (38)(39)(40). It has been postulated that ascariasis may inhibit allergic reactivity through the induction of high levels of polyclonal IgE, which saturate effector cells and suppress the response to specific environmental allergens, or through excretory and secretory immunomodulatory molecules, such as PAS-1, that exhibit antiinflammatory properties (38,41,42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Ascaris Larval Infection and Lung Invasion Directly Induce Severe Allergic Airway Disease in Mice

et al. 2018

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(roundworm) is the most common helminth infection globally and a cause of lifelong morbidity that may include allergic airway disease, an asthma phenotype. We hypothesize that larval migration through the lungs leads to persistent airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and type 2 inflammatory lung pathology despite resolution of infection that resembles allergic airway disease. Mice were infected with by oral gavage. Lung AHR was measured by plethysmography and histopathology with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stains, and cytokine concentrations were measured by using Luminex Magpix. -infected mice were compared to controls or mice with allergic airway disease induced by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and challenge (OVA/OVA).-infected mice developed profound AHR starting at day 8 postinfection (p.i.), peaking at day 12 p.i. and persisting through day 21 p.i., despite resolution of infection, which was significantly increased compared to controls and OVA/OVA mice. -infected mice had a robust type 2 cytokine response in both the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue, similar to that of the OVA/OVA mice, including interleukin-4 (IL-4) ( < 0.01 and < 0.01, respectively), IL-5 ( < 0.001 and < 0.001), and IL-13 ( < 0.001 and < 0.01), compared to controls. By histopathology, -infected mice demonstrated early airway remodeling similar to, but more profound than, that in OVA/OVA mice. We found that larval migration causes significant pulmonary damage, including AHR and type 2 inflammatory lung pathology that resembles an extreme form of allergic airway disease. Our findings indicate that ascariasis may be an important cause of allergic airway disease in regions of endemicity.

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“…Epidemiological studies from Ecuador [21][22][23], Ethiopia [25,28], Vietnam [40], Gambia [77], Brazil [6] and Gabon [105] show protective effects on skin prick test (SPT) for helminth parasites such as A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, hookworm or Schistosoma. A study conducted in a schistosome-hyperendemic region has shown that an on-going infection with A. lumbricoides was protective against asthma, however, the authors did not rule out the role of Schistosoma mansoni in the protection [18]. A recent systemic review and meta-analysis of 21 epidemiological studies demonstrated strong evidence that helminth infections are associated with reduced risk of allergen skin sensitization and in a species-specific analysis a protective effect was also found for A. lumbricoides [35].…”

Section: Examples Of Negative Association Between Helminth Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Allergie und Würmer: Sollen wir uns gute alte Freunde zurückholen?

Schabussova

Wiedermann

2014

Wien Med Wochenschr

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During the past 10 years, many exciting and important studies have found that certain helminth infections protect against the development of allergic diseases. Not surprisingly, several clinical trials investigated the effects of deliberate exposure to parasites like porcine whipworm (Trichuris suis) or hookworm (Necator americanus) to develop "helminth therapies". Although they proved to be a safe option to control aberrant inflammation, the final goal is to identify the parasite-derived immunnomodulatory molecules responsible for protective effects.

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Risk Factors for Asthma in a Helminth Endemic Area in Bahia, Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 40 publications

Enteroparasites, Respiratory Allergy and Other Signs and Symptoms in Childs and Youth Population of Recôncavo of Bahia – Brazil

Enteroparasites, Respiratory Allergy and Other Signs and Symptoms in Childs and Youth Population of Recôncavo of Bahia – Brazil

Ascaris Larval Infection and Lung Invasion Directly Induce Severe Allergic Airway Disease in Mice

Allergie und Würmer: Sollen wir uns gute alte Freunde zurückholen?

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