Risk Factors for Anogenital Human Papillomavirus Infection in Men

Abstract

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly associated with cervical and other anogenital cancers. Identification of risk factors for HPV infection in men may improve our understanding of HPV transmission and prevention.Methods. HPV testing for 37 types was conducted in 463 men 18-40 years old recruited from 2 US cities. The entire anogenital region and semen were sampled. A self-administered questionnaire was completed. Multivariate logistic regression aided the identification of independent risk factors for any HPV type, oncogenic HPV types, and nononcogenic HPV types.Results. Prevalence was 65.4% for any HPV, 29.2% for oncogenic HPV, and 36.3% for nononcogenic HPV. Conclusions. Lifetime and recent number of FSPs, condom use, and smoking were modifiable risk factors associated with HPV infection in men.

HPV in Female Partners Increases Risk of Incident HPV Infection Acquisition in Heterosexual Men in Rural Central Mexico

“…As for the lack of association between condom use and HPV infection, it has been attributed to behavioral aspects, such as the difficulty in using a condom consistently in stable relationships, and to biologic aspects such as HPV infection beyond the anatomical area covered by the condom (28). Tobacco use is considered an indicator of high-risk sexual conduct and has been identified as a risk factor for HPV detection in men (29), as well as persistent HPV infection and anal and penile cancer in men (4,30). However, the results of studies that have evaluated relationships between the 2 have been inconsistent.…”

Correlates of Human Papillomavirus Viral Load with Infection Site in Asymptomatic Men

“…Study design, clinical sampling, and HPV testing for the current analysis have been previously described in detail (16)(17)(18). Briefly, a cross-sectional study of HPV infection in 463 men between 18 and 40 years old-359 in Tucson, Arizona and 104 in Tampa, Florida-was conducted from 2003 to 2006.…”

Update on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines

“…(24)(25)(26) In Lu et al, men reporting ≥ 16 lifetime sex partners compared to those with zero to four lifetime partners, had an elevated risk of any HPV infection (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]=2.8; 95% CI: 1.1-7.1), of oncogenic HPV infection (AHR=9.6; 95% CI: 2.4-37.8), and non-oncogenic HPV infection (AHR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.3-9.9). A significant protective effect associated with circumcision is reliably reported in the literature.…”

“…A significant protective effect associated with circumcision is reliably reported in the literature. (23)(24)(25)(26)(27) In a recent randomized-controlled trial on circumcision conducted by Auvert and colleagues in South Africa, highrisk HPV was identified in 14.8% of circumcised men and 22.3% of uncircumcised men (control group) (adjusted rate ratio=0.68; 95% CI: 0.52-0.89). (27) Nielson et al report that among participants of the HIM study, condom use during less than half of all sexual encounters was associated with increased risk of HPV compared with condom use during more than half of all sexual encounters (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.03; 95% CI: 1.07-3.84).…”