Risk factors contributing to the incidence and mortality of acute childhood poisoning in emergency department patients in Iran: a hospital-based case-control study

Disfani, Hamideh Feiz; Kamandi, Mostafa; Mousavi, Seyed Mohammad; Sadrzadeh, Sayyed Majid; Farzaneh, Roohie; Doolabi, Najme; Rahmani, Kazem

doi:10.4178/epih.e2019016

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Therapeutic drugs were the most common cause of poisoning in the present study which constituted about (32.69%). This was matched with studies conducted in Turkey [22] and in Iran [23] [24] where poisoning due to medications over-dose was found to be the most common cause of childhood poisoning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Childhood Poisoning Cases Admitted to Zagazig University Hospitals during the Year 2018: A Retrospective Study

Mahmoud¹

2019

ODEM

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Background: Childhood poisoning is considered major socioeconomic and public health problem as there are thousands of children admitted to the emergency departments and millions of calls are made to poison control centers every year. Aim of the Work: Determine the prevalence and pattern of childhood poisoning cases admitted to Zagazig University hospitals. Subjects and Methods: This is a retrospective study on children < 18 years old presented to Zagazig University hospital emergency department. The study was done from the beginning of January 2018 to the end of December 2018 on total of 624 cases with acute poisoning. All required epidemiological and clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 624 childhood poisoning cases, more males than females (55.3% versus 44.7% respectively), and more in age group of 3 -6 years old (40.86%), more in rural than urban communities (65.06% against 34.94% respectively). Oral exposure was the most against other routes (84.94%). Most cases were unintentional (92.8%). The prevalence of childhood poisoning in descending order was; compound therapeutic medications (32.69%) followed by pesticides (26.92%) then corrosives (17.31%), while volatile hydrocarbons (benzene or kerosene) accounted for (15.38%) and carbon monoxide (3.85%) and others (3.85%). Overall, minor cases were the commonest (63%) while only 3.8% of cases were severe. About 88.94% of cases were discharged after completed management while death rate was 0.96%. Conclusion: Most childhood poisoning cases were males, accidentally, mainly by oral route and in rural areas, most commonly in age group of 3 -6 years. Most cases were due to therapeutic medications then pesticide exposures. Most of cases were completely cured.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Childhood Poisoning Cases Admitted to Zagazig University Hospitals during the Year 2018: A Retrospective Study

Mahmoud¹

2019

ODEM

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“…Disfani HF et al . [ 19 ] observed that in 87.7% cases gastrointestinal poisoning was present but, in our study, only 15% cases had gastrointestinal involvement. 49.8% of their cases had poisoning related to medications which was only 11% in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Clinical profile of poisoning due to various poisons in children of age 0–12 years

Saikia

Sharma

Janardhan

2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background: Majority of childhood poisonings are unintentional. The incidence of poisoning in children has been shown to be reduced by a significant amount. But to develop effective prevention strategies, the state health care planners need better information on the number and types of poisonings, circumstances in which they occur, and how serious the problem is. Objective: To study the clinical profile of poisoning in children. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out among children aged 0–12 years with the history of poisoning. Detailed history, clinical examination, and details of poisoning was obtained. Data was analyzed using proportions. Results: Majority (77.8%) belonged to the age group of 1–5 years and were males (65.4%). Household chemicals were ingested in 83 cases out of 153, (54.25%) and in 147 cases (96.1%), poisonous substance was easily accessible to victim. In 144 out of 153 cases (94.1%), poisonous substance was accidentally ingested by the child itself, 131 out of 153 cases (85.6%) occurred at home, while 18 (11.8%) cases occurred in home surroundings. Of the 153 cases, 2 patients (1.3%) presented with the history of diarrhoea, 12 patients (7.8%) in altered sensorium, 6 patients (3.9%) had fever, 16 patients (10.5%) presented with cough, 37 patients (24.2%) presented with excessive secretions from mouth. 31 patients (20.3%) presented with vomiting without blood staining and 12 patients (7.8%) had blood stained vomiting as their chief complaint. Mucosal injury was noted in 41 cases (26.8%). Conclusion: Poisoning was common in males. Household chemical was most commonly ingested. Majority children had domestic poisoning and self-unintentional.

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“…In addition, research that compares frequency of calls to PCs and visits to the ED among these subgroups may assist with targeted efforts to promote PC utilization when TE occurs. Consistent with other studies, 1,13,14 children ages 0-9 are at the highest risk for TE compared to other age groups. Numerous studies have attempted to understand and investigate the cause of this epidemiological finding.…”

Section: Lotfipour Et Alsupporting

confidence: 91%

Toxicologic Exposures in California Emergency Departments in 2011 and Its Risk Factors

Loftipour

Saadat

et al. 2021

WestJEM

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Introduction: Toxicologic exposures (TE) are a major preventable public health issue, with most cases due to unintentional causes. Although these cases are well documented and reported via the National Poison Data System, there is little information regarding toxicologic exposure cases in the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to identify demographic groups at risk for potential poisoning. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We used data from the California State Emergency Department Database (SEDD) 2011 for statistical analysis. Results: The study included 10,124,598 ED visits in California in 2011. The prevalence of TE was 383.4 (379.6-387.3) per 100,000 visits. Toxicologic exposures were most common among patients aged <10 years (555.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 544.5-566.5 per 100,000 visits). Overall, TE was more common among males. White patients showed the highest prevalence of TE compared to other racial groups (P <0.001). Subpopulation analysis showed Native American female patients ages 10-19 had a noticeably higher prevalence of TE (1,464.4, 95% CI: 802.9-2444.9 per 100,000). The prevalence of TE was higher in households of higher median income (P <0.001). Prevalence of TE among those with a history of substance use was also elevated. Conclusion: Toxicologic exposure cases in the ED are elevated in particular age and race/ethnicity groups, as well as among those with a diagnosis of substance use disorder. The strength of association between these factors and TE in the general population may be different because we examined ED visits only. Further preventive and education strategies are necessary and should target the demographic groups identified in this epidemiological study.

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Risk factors contributing to the incidence and mortality of acute childhood poisoning in emergency department patients in Iran: a hospital-based case-control study

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Childhood Poisoning Cases Admitted to Zagazig University Hospitals during the Year 2018: A Retrospective Study

Childhood Poisoning Cases Admitted to Zagazig University Hospitals during the Year 2018: A Retrospective Study

Clinical profile of poisoning due to various poisons in children of age 0–12 years

Toxicologic Exposures in California Emergency Departments in 2011 and Its Risk Factors

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