Risk Factors, Clinical Features, and Outcomes of Listeriosis in Solid‐Organ Transplant Recipients: A Matched Case‐Control Study

Abstract

Listeriosis in SOT recipients is uncommon but causes high mortality. Diabetes mellitus, cytomegalovirus infection or disease, and receipt of high-dose steroids are independent risk factors for this infection, whereas TMP-SMZ prophylaxis is a protective factor.

Listeria monocytogenesperitonitis: presentation, clinical features, treatment, and outcome

“…Their mean age was 58.4 years, in keeping with the age range (50-72 years) reported by nonperinatal listeriosis case-series [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]22,54,55]. Male gender predominated by 69.5%, also consistent with the male rates (55-77%) reported for systemic listeriosis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]22,54,55]. The male predominance in Lm SBP could be explained by a greater prevalence of the underlying conditions, such as alcoholic cirrhosis in males.…”

“…The male predominance in Lm SBP could be explained by a greater prevalence of the underlying conditions, such as alcoholic cirrhosis in males. The vast majority of the cases (96.9%) suffered at least one serious underlying disease, comprising cirrhosis (67.2%), immunosuppressive medication, CRF, malignancy, DM, autoimmunity (Table I); those conditions are well-recognized risk factors for invasive listeriosis [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]22,54,55]; in the remaining four cases (3.1%) LP occurred in previously healthy individuals. Furthermore, almost half of the patients suffered two or more comorbid conditions.…”

“…The known survival outcome of a case was considered mandatory to be included in the study; otherwise, it was only used in calculating the worldwide distribution of the disease [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Patients were divided into three subgroups: i) cirrhotics, ii) individuals with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and iii) the remaining, with other or no underlying condition.…”

The Occurrence and Prevention of Foodborne Disease in Vulnerable People

“…Neutropenia and concomitant steroid treatment also increase susceptibility to infection. Although transplant patients are susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes (Table 3), the reported incidence of listeriosis and other foodborne pathogens is low, but they can cause high mortality (Safdar et al, 2002;Rivero et al, 2003;del Pozo, 2008;Fernandez-Sabe et al, 2009). This low incidence may be due, in part, to the prophylactic use of trimethoprimsulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) against Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, but which also inhibits L. monocytogenes and Toxoplasma gondii.…”

Biomarker Tools to Design Clinical Vaccines Determined from a Study of Annual Listeriosis Incidence in Northern Spain

“…Over this period, outbreaks were additionally documented in Austria, Portugal, Spain, and Denmark (1, 5–8). Listeriosis has only recently been listed as a notifiable disease in Spain since March 2015 (9), and therefore, the annual incidence may be even higher (1–5, 10, 11). Reduced immunocompetency of listeriosis patients was recently reported as a major risk factor for fatal outcomes (12).…”