Risk Factors Associated With Frequency of Antenatal Visits, Number of Items of Antenatal Care Contents Received and Timing of First Antenatal Care Visits in Ethiopia: Multilevel Mixed-Effects Analysis

Woldeamanuel, Berhanu Teshome; Belachew, Tadesse

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-110214/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Even though the rate is still low, this improvement could be explained by the rigorous interventions the government of Uganda has put in place for the past decade to improve maternal health outcomes. Moreover, the nding was higher compared to a study conducted in Kenya 10.9% [17] and almost similar with one conducted in Ethiopia (20.1%) which explored DHS data of 2016 [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Mass Media Exposure and Timing of Antenatal Care Initiation among Women in Uganda

Sserwanja¹,

Mutisya²,

Musaba³

2021

Preprint

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Background : Early initiation of quality antenatal (ANC) in the first trimester and received quality care are highly emphasized by WHO in the new 2016 guidelines. Mass media have the potential to promote early initiation of ANC because they have been used successfully in several programmes. However, there is a paucity of literature on the impact of media exposure on the timing of ANC initiation in Uganda. Hence our study aimed at exploring associations between the different mass media exposure and timing of antenatal care initiation among women in Uganda.Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted using the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) 2016 weighted data of 10,152 women of reproductive age (15–49 years). Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between mass media exposure and early initiation of antenatal care. All our analyses were done using SPSS version 25.Results : Almost a third of the women (2953/10,152, 29.1%, 95% CI: 27.9-29.6) initiated their first ANC contact in the first trimester. In the final multivariable analyses, exposure to television (TV) and radio, belonging to the Northern and Western regions, younger age and less household size each had a significant positive association with earlier ANC initiation while lower education attainment had an inverse association. Women who were exposed to TV (adjusted OR (AOR 1.19, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.38) and radio (AOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.29) were 19% and 14% more likely to initiate ANC earlier compared to those who were not exposed to TV and radio respectively.Conclusion : In Uganda, less than a third of women initiated ANC in the first trimester. Young women from a smaller household with access to either a radio or television, and residing in Northern and Western regions were more likely to initiate ANC early enough. In order to promote early initiation of ANC, the government needs to intensify mass media campaigns on local media houses that promote this practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Mass Media Exposure and Timing of Antenatal Care Initiation among Women in Uganda

Sserwanja¹,

Mutisya²,

Musaba³

2021

Preprint

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“…Similarly, studies indicate that rural resident women were significantly less likely to have higher numbers of content items of ANC services. 9 , 20 , 22 , 41 Rural women have substantially less or even absent transportation infrastructure which makes access to healthcare difficult and may contribute to the difference. 52 The study also revealed long distances to health institutions and low media exposure among rural women contributed to inadequate received ANC components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same way, previous studies showed that as education increases, number of received ANC content also increases. 9 , 22 , 42 , 50 , 51 , 55 Relatively affordable and accessible health information for educated women compared to those who never attended schools may explain the associations. 56 Furthermore, education fosters maternal healthcare awareness, appropriate need-based services utilization, 17 , 20 , 57 household maternal decision-making ability, 57 autonomy on their health, 58 new values and attitudes that favor modern health care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 A retrospective study in Ethiopia showed only 53% received at least four components of the ANC. 9 The Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) includes reducing the maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births, less than 12 newborn deaths per 1000 live births, and ensuring no baby is left behind by 2030, which addresses quality of care. [10][11][12][13] Improving the content of care during ANC visits may foster ANC visit utilization and early initiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 Moreover, studies around the globe reported a low level of ANC content, [19][20][21] and population-level coverage of ANC interventions had marked gaps that underscored the need to improve the quality of ANC services. 18 The studies revealed that high socioeconomic status, 9,20 education, 9,22 parity, 20,23 short distance to health facilities, 9,22 living in urban areas, 9,20,22 and certain administrative regions, 20 planned pregnancies, 20,24 media exposure, 20,22 visiting skilled providers for ANC services, 20 and visiting public or non-governmental organization (NGO) health facilities 20 are associated with receiving the higher number of content of ANC. A study indicated providers were less likely to adhere to ANC guidelines when caring for a woman with a previous pregnancy complication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extent of Received Antenatal Care Components in Ethiopia: A Community-Based Panel Study

Shiferaw¹,

Mengistie²,

Gobena³

et al. 2021

IJWH

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This study aimed to identify the extent of antenatal care content received and associated factors among Ethiopian women. Methods: A nationally representative Performance Monitoring for Action 2020 Ethiopian data were used. A multistage cluster sampling design was used to select 2855 pregnant or recently postpartum women nested within 217 enumeration areas. Female resident enumerators collected the data using a semi-structured questionnaire. Researchers dichotomized the number of ANC content received greater than or equal to 75 percentiles as adequate. Otherwise, it was considered inadequate. A multilevel Poisson regression was fitted. The result was reported using an incidence rate ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results: The study revealed more than a quarter of pregnant women received adequate ANC content (27.8%; 95% CI: 23.8%, 32.2%). Multivariable analysis revealed urban residence (IRR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.21), attending secondary and above formal education (IRR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.16), maternal age 20-24 years (IRR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.19), and partner's encouragement to attend clinic for antenatal care (IRR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.24) was significantly associated with receiving higher numbers of antenatal care content. Conclusion:The proportion of women who received adequate antenatal care content in Ethiopia was low. Despite Ethiopia's effort to improve maternal health services utilization, disparities among regions and between rural and urban exist. This study highlights the importance of ensuring high received antenatal care content, which is crucial for reducing pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality. This implies prompt intersectoral collaboration to promote female education, target older aged women, and rural resident women, encourage partner involvements during the antenatal care process, minimize regional variation, and strengthen the implementation of received ANC content policies and programs with the active participation of the stakeholders are priority issues.

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Determinants of gestational syphilis among women attending prenatal care programs in the Brazilian Amazon

Uchôa

Araújo

Silva

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThere was a high proportion of pregnant women who were attending prenatal care who were not tested for syphilis or tested but not treated, among priority countries. The coverage for prenatal care visits, syphilis screening, and treatment are priority indicators for monitoring of the elimination of syphilis. The aim was to determine the factors associated with gestational syphilis among postpartum women who were in a prenatal care program in the Brazilian Amazon.MethodsAn unmatched case–control study was conducted at the hospital in Brazil. Data collection was carried out from November 2020 to July 2021 during hospitalization using a pretested structured questionnaire. The criteria for selection of cases and control followed the guidelines established by the Ministry of Health of Brazil; postpartum women with a laboratory diagnosis based on treponemal and/or nontreponemal tests, symptoms of syphilis or asymptomatic, treatment or not treated, and in a prenatal care program. Gestational syphilis cases were identified as women who tested positive for syphilis, and those who tested negative were controls, at minimally one prenatal care visit, childbirth, and/or the puerperium. The sample size encompassed 59 cases and 118 controls (1: 2 ratio of cases to controls). Data were analyzed using Minitab 20® and BioEstat 5.3® software. The odds ratio was calculated by multiple logistic regression.ResultsOne hundred and seventy-seven postpartum women were included in the study, 59 cases and 118 controls. Among all participants, 95.5% (169) were tested for syphilis in any trimester during pregnancy and at the delivery and 4.5% (8) were tested in the maternity only, at the time childbirth and/or puerperium. The final multiple logistic regression model evidenced that cases had higher odds compared to controls if they had past history of sexually transmitted infections (AOR: 55.4; p: 0.00), difficulty talking about condom use with their sexual partner (AOR: 4.92; p: 0.01), one to six prenatal care visits (AOR: 4.93; p: 0.01), had not received a sexually transmitted infections test result in the maternity hospital (AOR: 4.09; p: 0.04), lower monthly income (AOR: 4.32; p: 0.04), or one to three miscarriages (AOR: 4.34; p: 0.01).ConclusionThe sociodemographic, programmatic, obstetric, and sexual factors are associated with gestational syphilis among postpartum women.

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Risk Factors Associated With Frequency of Antenatal Visits, Number of Items of Antenatal Care Contents Received and Timing of First Antenatal Care Visits in Ethiopia: Multilevel Mixed-Effects Analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Mass Media Exposure and Timing of Antenatal Care Initiation among Women in Uganda

Mass Media Exposure and Timing of Antenatal Care Initiation among Women in Uganda

Extent of Received Antenatal Care Components in Ethiopia: A Community-Based Panel Study

Determinants of gestational syphilis among women attending prenatal care programs in the Brazilian Amazon

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