Risk factors and therapy for goat mastitis in a hospital-based case-control study in Bangladesh

Barua

et al. 2019

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

Self Cite

Mastitis is considered to be the most devastating condition for the dairy farms of low and medium income countries due to its alarming impact on production and worldwide has been recognized as one of the most economically significant infectious diseases affecting the welfare of dairy animal. Chittagong is one of the dairy intensive regions of Bangladesh but comprehensive epidemiological studies addressing prevalence of and risk factors for subclinical mastitis (SCM) are scant. Therefore we aimed to approximate the prevalence of SCM in dairy cows along with the associated risk factors in dairy cows of Chittagong Metropolitan Area (CMA), Bangladesh. We included 114 cross breed (Holstein × Local) lactating cows, raised at 6 dairy farms in CMA between February to November, 2015 for this study. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was used to assess SCM at animal level. The overall prevalence of mastitis was 34.2% among the tested cows. Floor type, source of replacement cows, history of previous reproductive disorder, stage of lactation and cleanliness of floor was found significantly associated with SCM in univariate analysis. In random effect multiple logistic regression model, cemented floor was found to increase the odds of SCM by 5.03 times than that of brick floor. Similarly, cows with history of reproductive disorders had more risk of having SCM than that of cows without a history of reproductive disorders. Since the SCM is prevalent in the study area, the intervention strategy should focus on causal agent, improved management, frequent monitoring of SCM in milking cows with CMT and use of teat disinfectants; with minimal or no treatment with antimicrobial agents.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Sub-Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Urban Areas of Chittagong, Bangladesh

Barua

et al. 2019

Turkish JAF Sci.Tech.

Self Cite

“…Controls were selected randomly, irrespective of time or location, because we were interested in exploring time and place as risk factors. We used three controls per case because a ratio of more than three controls per case adds little to the precision of a study [ 19 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for rabid animal bites: a study in domestic ruminants in Mymensingh district, Bangladesh

et al. 2021

Rabies is endemic in Bangladesh. To identify risk factors, a case-control study was conducted based on hospital-reported rabid animal bite (RAB) cases in domestic ruminants, 20092018. RAB cases (n=449) and three controls per case were selected. Dogs (87.8%) and jackals (12.2%) were most often identified as the biting animals. In the final multivariable model, the risk of being a RAB case was significantly higher in cattle aged >0.5 to 2 years (OR 2.89; 95% CI: 1.56-5.37), >2 to 5 years (OR 3.63; 95% CI: 1.97-6.67) and >5 years (OR 6.42; 95% CI: 3.39-12.17) compared to those aged <0.5 years. Crossbred cattle were at higher risk of being a RAB case (OR 5.48; 95% CI: 3.56-8.42) than indigenous. Similarly, female cattle were more likely to be a RAB case (OR 1.26; 95% CI: 1.15-2.29) than males. Cattle in rural areas (OR 39.48; 95% CI: 6.14-254.00) were at much higher risk of being RAB cases than those in urban areas. Female, crossbred and older cattle especially in rural areas should either be managed indoors during the dog breeding season (SeptemberOctober) or vaccinated. A national rabies elimination program should prioritise rural dogs for mass vaccination. Jackals should also be immunized using oral bait vaccines. Prevention of rabies in rural dogs and jackals would also reduce rabies incidence in humans.

“…The diet was provided twice a day at 7:30 and 15:30. Healthy udder is defined as a non-inflammatory condition, and the SCC is lower than 5.0 × 10 5 cells/mL [14][15][16]; clinical mastitis was defined firstly as the presence of clinical mastitis symptoms such as the presence of udder or quarter swelling, redness, heat, hardness, pain, visible alterations of the milk, such as watery appearance, clots, flakes, or pus [37,38], while subclinical mastitis was defined without these clinical symptoms, and the bacteriological culture of milk in subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis were positive. After disinfecting the teat of goat mammary three times with 75% alcohol and discarding the first three handfuls of milk, milk was sampled in the morning at one time; about 40 mL of milk was sampled with a sterile tube (50 mL), transported at low temperature for somatic cell staining or immediately transported with dry ice for detection of S100A7 concentration.…”

Section: Milk Sample and Goat Mammary Tissue Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Mastitis and Antimicrobial Peptide S100A7 Expression in Dairy Goats

Yan,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

S100A7 is an inflammation-related protein and plays an essential role in host defenses, yet there is little research about the relationship between mastitis and S100A7 expression in dairy goats. Here, according to the clinical diagnosis of udders, SCC, and bacteriological culture (BC) of milk, 84 dairy goats were grouped into healthy goats (n = 25), subclinical mastitis goats (n = 36), and clinical mastitis goats (n = 23). The S100A7 concentration in subclinical mastitis goats was significantly upregulated than in healthy dairy goats (p = 0.0056) and had a limited change with clinical mastitis dairy goats (p = 0.8222). The relationship between log10 SCC and S100A7 concentration in milk was positive and R = 0.05249; the regression equation was Y = 0.1446 × X + 12.54. According to the three groups, the log10 SCC and S100A7 were analyzed using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve; in subclinical mastitis goats, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of log10 SCC was 0.9222 and p < 0.0001, and the AUC of S100A7 concentration was 0.7317 and p = 0.0022, respectively; in clinical mastitis goats, the AUC of log10 SCC was 0.9678 and p < 0.0001, and the AUC of S100A7 concentration was 0.5487 and p = 0.5634, respectively. In healthy goats, S100A7 was expressed weakly in the alveolus of the mammary gland of healthy goats while expressed densely in the collapsed alveolus of mastitis goats. Moreover, S100A7 expression increased significantly in mastitis goats than in healthy dairy goats. In this research, results showed the effects of mastitis on the S100A7 expression in the mammary gland and S100A7 concentration in milk and the limited relationship between SCC and mastitis, which provided a new insight into S100A7’s role in the host defenses of dairy goats.