Risk correlates of acute respiratory infections in children under five years of age in slums of Bankura, West Bengal

Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally inchildren under five years of age. Objective: To find out prevalence and risk factors of ARI among under fivechildren. Methods: A population based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban slums ofBankura, West Bengal on the prevalence of ARI and feeding practices, nutrition and immunization among 152children under five years of age. Results: Overall prevalence of ARI was 44.73 percent; 43.47 percent male and45.78 percent female were affected with ARI; half of the infants suffered from ARI (51.21%), it was 45.71percent in 13- 24 months age groups; with increasing age, prevalence of ARI gradually decreased. ARI was seenin 45.76 percent of exclusively breast fed children and 57.89 percent in children with breast feeding less than sixmonths; in bottle fed children ARI prevalence was 47.82 compared to 44.18 percent in breast-fed. Risk of ARIis almost equal in normal participants and undernourished children. ARI cases were seen among 38.73 percentof completely immunization in comparison to 80.00 percent of partially-immunized children (X2=4.97,p=0.026). Conclusion: The present study had identified a high prevalence of ARI in children less than fiveyears of age. In our study population, ARI was significantly associated with immunization status, but not withfeeding practices and nutritional status of the child.

Study of prevalence of acute respiratory tract infection and its risk factors among under five children of slums of Ghaziabad city

“…Gupta et al in their study in urban slums of Bankura, West Bengal found that overall prevalence of ARI was 44.73% (19).…”

Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) and Its Different Correlates among Under-five Children of a Slum of Kolkata

“…Goel et al [11] in their study on prevalence of ARI in under-five children of Meerut district observed that the prevalence of ARI amongst children who had no malnutrition was lowest (16.0%), while it was more in Grade-I to IV malnutrition and this difference was statistically significant. Gupta et al [10] reported that association of nutritional status with presence of symptoms ARI was not found to statistically significant. The present study also did not observe a statistically significant association between nutritional status and occurrence of ARI.…”

“…[4] Many risk factors for these infections have been identified which include not only the climatic conditions but also the poverty, poor nutrition, poor housing conditions, indoor air pollution such as parental smoking, absence of ventilation, overcrowding etc. [10,11] Numerous studies had already been done ). [12] Also Kolkata (M Corp.) has second highest proportion (29.6%) of slum households among million plus cities in India [Highest (41.3%) -Greater Mumbai (M Corp.)].…”

Molecular Identification of Prevalent Streptococcus Pyogenes Serogroup Associated with Respiratory Tract Infections in Children

“…The current study reported 231 cases out of 750 (30.8%) as positive for bacterial pathogens that cause acute respiratory tract infection (ARI). In a Brazilian cross-sectional study conducted upon children less than five-years old, ARI was reported in 25.6%, out of which upper respiratory infection was found among 76.4% patients whereas it was 23.6% in case of lower respiratory infections [19]. Few countries such as India, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Nepal contribute 40% of the deaths due to respiratory infection across the globe.…”