Risk assessment of water inrush in karst tunnels and software development

Li, Liping; Lei, Ting; Li, Shucai; Zhang, Qian‐qing; Xu, Zhenhao; Shi, Shaoshuai; Zhou, Zongqing

doi:10.1007/s12517-014-1365-3

Cited by 81 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Geological predictions (Li et al, 2013;Kim, Jeon, and Park, 2012;Cheng et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2014;Li et al, 2014;Xue et al, 2014) have been used in the YK6 +991 right tunnel face at the exit section of the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Tunnel, using the TSP 203 plus system for the data collection ( Figure 5). The detection range is exported to YK6 +991~YK6 +870 in a total span of 121 m ( Table 1).…”

Section: Engineering Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Major Construction Disasters and Controlling Technology at the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel

Tian

Xue

et al. 2015

Journal of Coastal Research

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Li, S.; Tian, H.; Xue, Y.; Su, M.; Qiu, D.; Li, L., and Li, Z., 2015. Study on major construction disasters and controlling technology at the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel.The Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel was difficult because of complex geological conditions, including the 18 faults crossing the tunnel, large construction section, and high risks for collapse and water inrush. These conditions were considered as a background of this study. Geological disasters, such as collapse and water inrush, were introduced as the two main geological disasters during construction. Moreover, the advanced support pretreatment measures that aimed to address faults during construction and effectively prevented collapse disasters were introduced. For the water inrush disaster, geological forecasting was used to predict underground water location, and advanced grouting was adopted. The presented disaster control technologies were proven effective in the construction of the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel. This study provides a certain reference value for disaster control technologies for subsea tunnel construction. ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS:Subsea tunnel, construction disasters, collapse, water inrush, prediction, advanced grouting. ________________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTIONThe Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel connects the city to the auxiliary city of Qingdao, from the south Xuejiadao the north Mission Island, and beneath the Kiaochow Bay. The tunnel is 7,120 m long; the main tunnel length is about 6,170 m and the tunnel across the sea is approximately 3,950 m. The length of the tunnel is designed according to expressway ratings at a design speed of 80 km/h. The structure comprises two main tunnels and a service tunnel (Figure 1). The main tunnel axis a space of 55 m. The cross section of the tunnel is oval. The tunnel excavation cross section has a height of 11.2 m to 12.0 m and a width of about 15.23 m 16.03 m ( Figure 2); the tunnel has V longitudinal section, a maximum vertical gradient of 3.9%. The lowest point of the right line side elevation is −74.14 m, whereas that of the left is −73.69 m. The main tunnel of the sea section has a length of approximately 20 m to 30 m (Figure 3). The mining method is used for tunnel construction. At the YK6 +961-YK6 +915 section of the right line tunnel, a F4-4 fracture zone has developed, where the rock is seriously affected by the structure, and the full extent of the rock and the thickness of weathering are very different. Rock impermeability easily deteriorates under the influence of relaxation deformation, such that deformation and damage penetration may occur. Thus, the tunnel crosses areas with deformations, such as a broken belt, large cracks and joints, and a significant amount of water

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Section: Engineering Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Major Construction Disasters and Controlling Technology at the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel

Tian

Xue

et al. 2015

Journal of Coastal Research

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“…In order to accurately evaluate the risk of water inrush, a series of theories and methods have been applied to assess the risk of water inrush in tunnel construction. and Li, Lei, et al (2015) put forward an attribute synthetic evaluation system and fuzzy mathematics combined with AHP method to predict the water inrush in tunnel. Chu et al (2017) proposed the two-class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to assess the risk of water inrush in karst tunnels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of water inrush in tunnel through water-rich fault based on AHP-Cloud model

Peng

Zuo

et al. 2020

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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2020)Risk assessment of water inrush in tunnel through water-rich fault based on AHP-Cloud model, ABSTRACTWater inrush is a serious geological disaster in tunnel. Due to the complexity of geological conditions, large-scale water inrush is prone to occur in tunnel through water-rich fault during construction. Based on the comprehensive analysis of influencing factors, 8 evaluation indexes and the corresponding grading criteria are put forward to assess the risk of water inrush, and the risk of water inrush is divided into 4 levels. Synthesizing the standardization process and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), a novel Cloud model is established to assess the risk of tunnel water inrush. The model is applied to the Longjinxi Tunnel to assess the risk level of water inrush. It is proved that the assessment results of the tunnel through water-rich fault is consistent with the actual situation, which verifies the reliability of evaluation model. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…For example, the Liangshan tunnel of the Xiamen-Shenzhen railway passes through the L7-rich water fault fracture zone. When the 1# inclined shaft is constructed to DK96 + 505, 4 large-scale water inrush and mud burst disasters occurred, with a total amount of mud of approximately 30000 m 3 . During the construction of the Yonglian tunnel in Jiangxi Province, which passes through the fault fracture zone, 15 large-scale water inrush and mud burst disasters occurred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation on the Seepage Properties of Soil‐Rock Mixture

Zhao

Wang

Meng

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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To reveal the mechanism of water inrush in a fault tunnel and study the influence of different structures on the seepage process, a filling structure composed of a soil skeleton (fixed particles), a movable particles phase, and a water phase is constructed to simulate the rock mass broken by the fault. Fluent software is used to simulate the migration of the water phase in three different filling structures under different initial water velocities and dynamic viscosities. The variation law of the seepage time with the initial water velocity and dynamic viscosity in the three types of filling structures is obtained. The research shows the following: (1) the looser the filling structure, the greater the influence of gravity on the water phase seepage; the more compact the filling structure, the greater the spread range of the water phase and the more uniform the spread of the water phase. (2) The seepage time decreases with the increase in the initial water velocity. The seepage time and initial water velocity can be fitted by an exponential function. The effect of initial water velocity on seepage time is much greater than that of the structure. (3) The seepage time is related to both the dynamic viscosity and the structure. The seepage time increases with the increase in dynamic viscosity.

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Risk assessment of water inrush in karst tunnels and software development

Cited by 81 publications

References 13 publications

Study on Major Construction Disasters and Controlling Technology at the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel

Study on Major Construction Disasters and Controlling Technology at the Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel

Risk assessment of water inrush in tunnel through water-rich fault based on AHP-Cloud model

Numerical Simulation on the Seepage Properties of Soil‐Rock Mixture

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