Risk Assessment of Arsenic Toxicity Through Groundwater-Soil-Rice System in Maldah District, Bengal Delta Basin, India

Abstract

Risk assessment of arsenic toxicity through ground water-soil-rice system in Maldah district,

A state-of-the-art review on cadmium uptake, toxicity, and tolerance in rice: From physiological response to remediation process

“…as well as harmful elements (viz., Cd, Pb, As etc.) (Khanam et al, 2021). Further, several organic acids and phyto-siderophores are released in the rhizosphere causing, next to the release of nutrients, solubilization of Cd and increasing uptake of Cd in the rice plant .…”

“…At crop maturity, the pH of the paddy soil-water system attains near neutrality which facilitates more available Cd owing to low concentrations of Fe and Zn to compete with Cd at the root surface for uptake by rice plants. OsNramp5 (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 5, Oryza sativa), a gene primarily documented for Zn translocation, was shown to also regulate Cd transporter in rice roots (Tang et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2020;Liang et al, 2020;Khanam et al, 2021;. In comparison to other cereal crops, rice has a higher OsNramp5 expression and transport activity, which leads to an overall stronger accumulation of Cd in rice compared to most other plants .…”