Risk and resilience in preterm children at age 6

Poehlmann, Julie; Gerstein, Emily D.; Burnson, Cynthia; Weymouth, Lindsay; Bolt, Daniel M.; Maleck, Sarah; Schwichtenberg, A. J.

doi:10.1017/s095457941400087x

Cited by 53 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Previous studies showed that preterm children have difficulties with inhibitory control [8] and that these predict later learning and attention problems [21,22]. Our results suggest a dose-response effect of low gestational age at birth on inhibitory control across the whole GA 9 spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

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Preterm Toddlers' Inhibitory Control Abilities Predict Attention Regulation and Academic Achievement at Age 8 Years

Jaekel

Eryigit-Madzwamuse

Wolke

2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Original citation: Jaekel, Julia, Eryigit-Madzwamuse, Suna and Wolke, Dieter. (2015) Preterm toddlers' inhibitory control abilities predict attention regulation and academic achievement at age 8 years. The Journal of Pediatrics .doi: 10.1016Pediatrics .doi: 10. /j.jpeds.2015 Permanent WRAP url: http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/74456 Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-forprofit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. Study design. 558 children born at 26-41 weeks gestation were studied as part of a prospective geographically defined longitudinal investigation in Germany. Toddlers' inhibitory control abilities were observed at age 20 months. At 8 years, attention and academic abilities were assessed.Results. The lower children's gestational age, the lower their inhibitory control and the more likely they had poor attention regulation and low academic achievement. Adverse effects of preterm birth on attention and academic outcomes were partially mediated by toddlers' inhibitory control abilities.Conclusion. These findings of early inhibitory control abilities provide new information about the mechanisms linking preterm birth with long-term attention difficulties and academic underachievement.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…A recent study suggested that inhibitory control might predict learning and attention regulation abilities at age six years in preterm children [21]. Others have shown that very preterm children have problems with inhibitory control [8] and that these may be associated with delay of frustration as well as attention and behavior problems in preadolescence [22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preterm Toddlers' Inhibitory Control Abilities Predict Attention Regulation and Academic Achievement at Age 8 Years

Jaekel

Eryigit-Madzwamuse

Wolke

2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…Maternal depression, parent-child interactions, child dysregulation, and socioeconomic challenges are risk factors that have long been viewed as critical to children’s development within preterm populations 4,36 . Although one would expect observations of expressed negative affect, emotional lability, irritability, and impulsivity to relate to externalizing behavior, dysregulation was also associated with trajectories of internalizing behaviors, suggesting that children in Group 1 (High) for either trajectory may experience more generalized underlying difficulties in regulation and emotional control, and that such difficulties are evident early in life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors in Preterm Children Admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Gerstein

Woodman

Burnson

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To examine trajectories of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems of preterm children between 16 months and 6 years of age and predictors of trajectories, including gestational age, child dysregulation, maternal depression, socioeconomic status, and parenting. Study design This longitudinal study followed 148 children and their mothers from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) discharge until age 6. Gestational ages ranged from 23–36 weeks. The study included assessment of maternal-reported behavior problems, maternal depression, neonatal and socioeconomic characteristics, and observations of dysregulated behavior and parenting. Trajectories were identified with a semi-parametric group-based analytic method, and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify significant risk factors. Results Three distinct trajectories for preterm children were found for both internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. For the two groups with greater behavior problems (Groups 1 and 2), trajectories reached their peak between 24–36 months of age, then leveled off or decreased. Group 3 showed a stable low level of externalizing behaviors, and a low, but slightly increasing level of internalizing behaviors. Maternal depression, child dysregulation, gestational age, and socioeconomic challenges were identified as risk factors that predicted less optimal behavior problem trajectories. Conclusions Children born prematurely followed one of three distinct developmental trajectories for both internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. The most severe behavior problems started early in development and were associated with increased child dysregulation, maternal depression, and lower socioeconomic status. These findings have implications for screening and monitoring preterm children.

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“…Families who did not participate in the study at 6 years of age had fewer sociodemographic assets and were less likely to be Caucasian (Table 1; see Poehlmann-Tynan et al, 2015 for more details). 22 This attrition pattern may limit the study generalizability and the presented findings may not reflect non-Caucasian families or those with fewer sociodemographic assets. Finally, the bidirectional nature of sleep and developmental/health concerns should be acknowledged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Participant family characteristics paralleled the population of the region in education and poverty, although participant families were more racially diverse (for additional details see Poehlmann-Tynan et al, 2015). 22 Additional descriptive statistics are provided in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Sleep Patterns in Toddlers Born Preterm

Schwichtenberg

Christ

Abel

et al. 2016

Journal of Developmental &Amp; Behavioral Pediatrics

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Objective Children born preterm are at elevated risk for several developmental and health concerns. Early sleep patterns may be associated with these concerns. The current study assesses the associations between toddler circadian sleep/activity patterns and later developmental, behavioral, attentional, and health concerns in this at-risk population. Methods We examined circadian sleep/activity patterns at 2 years of age in 99 children born preterm. Child cognitive skills were tested at 3 years of age, and behavior, attention, and health concerns were reported at 3 and 6 years of age. First, sleep/activity data collected via actigraphy were assessed using time series analyses (TSA). For this, we assessed how each child’s sleep/activity pattern compared to a specified 24-hour circadian cycle (SCC) with an adjustment for daytime napping. Second, in a series of regression models child sleep/activity parameters from the TSA were assessed with child gender, prematurity, and family sociodemographic assets as covariates. Results Toddlers with patterns that closely aligned with the SCC had higher abbreviated IQ scores at 3 years of age. Additionally, at 6 years these children had a lower risk for illness-related medical visits. Higher toddler average activity level was associated with fewer teacher-reported ADHD symptoms and a lower risk for illness-related medical visits. Conclusion The novel approach used in this study to index child circadian patterns provides a pattern-based analysis of sleep/activity, which may prove to be developmentally consequential. With replication, these findings may help practitioners promote optimal cognitive and health development via circadian sleep supports in infants born preterm.

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Risk and resilience in preterm children at age 6

Cited by 53 publications

References 81 publications

Preterm Toddlers' Inhibitory Control Abilities Predict Attention Regulation and Academic Achievement at Age 8 Years

Preterm Toddlers' Inhibitory Control Abilities Predict Attention Regulation and Academic Achievement at Age 8 Years

Trajectories of Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors in Preterm Children Admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Circadian Sleep Patterns in Toddlers Born Preterm

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