Risk analysis of duo parentage testing with limited STR loci

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the Goldeneye 20A system (containing 19 short tandem repeats) can avert the shortage of duo parentage tests. Among routine cases typed by the Identifiler system, we identified 42 motherless cases, 2 fatherless cases, and 34 trio cases containing 1 locus mismatch and 4 motherless cases with 2 locus mismatches. One true trio case was rejected by fatherhood testing because of the omission of the mother's genotype and because the genotype of the putative father matched that of the child. All of the cases were retyped by the Goldeneye 20A system with the mother's or father's sample. In total, 39 motherless cases were verified by one mutation, 3 motherless cases were rejected for paternity, and 4 motherless cases with 2 locus mismatches were ruled out by fatherhood testing. After adding the father's genotype, 1 motherless case was confirmed by a single-locus mutation, whereas another case was rejected by motherhood testing. The mutation and exclusion rates detected with the Goldeneye 20A system accorded with the corresponding rates identified in the Identifiler system. The trio case also rejected fatherhood without the mother's genotype, and we found only 2 locus mismatches. Neither the Identifiler system nor the Goldeneye 20A system compensates for the absence of genetic information from the mother or father.

Identification of the Remains of an Adult Using DNA from Their Deciduous Teeth as a Reference Sample

“…In general, the false inclusion rate ranges between 19% and 23% [40]. These problems are being reported more frequently and are most common in cases where only one putative parent is available [31,40,42]. The inclusion of additional autosomal STR loci may assist in clarifying some ambiguous cases.…”

“…Sometimes, however, the addition of more loci introduces additional mismatches. Furthermore, it has been observed that the inclusion of more loci does not compensate for the absence of genetic information from the mother or the father [35,40,[42][43][44]. The use of Y-chromosome STRs can help only when the victim is male, and the possibility that a close relative of the putative father is the biological father cannot be ruled out [45].…”