RIOT: An Open Source Operating System for Low-End Embedded Devices in the IoT

Baccelli, Emmanuel; Gündoğan, Cenk; Hahm, Oliver; Kietzmann, Peter; Lenders, Martine; Petersen, Holger; Schleiser, Kaspar; Schmidt, Thomas C.; Wählisch, Matthias

doi:10.1109/jiot.2018.2815038

Cited by 182 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We used IoT-LAB's specially developed M3 node 1 , which has an STM32 (ARM Cortex M3) microcontroller and an Atmel AT86RF231 2.4 GHz transceiver, as our IoT hardware. As firmware for the nodes, we use a simple RIOT-OS [34] application using CCN-lite 2 as the ICN implementation, modified to support the different caching strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance comparison of caching strategies for information-centric IoT

Pfender

Valera

Seah

2018

Proceedings of the 5th ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking

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In-network caching is a central aspect of Information-Centric Networking (ICN). It enables the rapid distribution of content across the network, alleviating strain on content producers and reducing content delivery latencies. ICN has emerged as a promising candidate for use in the Internet of Things (IoT). However, IoT devices operate under severe constraints, most notably limited memory. This means that nodes cannot indiscriminately cache all content; instead, there is a need for a caching strategy that decides what content to cache. Furthermore, many applications in the IoT space are timesensitive; therefore, finding a caching strategy that minimises the latency between content request and delivery is desirable. In this paper, we evaluate a number of ICN caching strategies in regards to latency and hop count reduction using IoT devices in a physical testbed. We find that the topology of the network, and thus the routing algorithm used to generate forwarding information, has a significant impact on the performance of a given caching strategy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that focuses on latency effects in ICN-IoT caching while using real IoT hardware, and the first to explicitly discuss the link between routing algorithm, network topology, and caching effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance comparison of caching strategies for information-centric IoT

Pfender

Valera

Seah

2018

Proceedings of the 5th ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking

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“…Unfortunately, there is no software basis available which assembles all required components for constrained devices. In this paper, therefore, we extend RIOT [20], [21], a common IoT operating system. By selecting an open source platform and making our software publicly available we enable reproducible research [22], [23].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lesson in Scaling 6LoWPAN – Minimal Fragment Forwarding in Lossy Networks

Lenders

Schmidt

Wählisch

2019

2019 IEEE 44th Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN)

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This paper evaluates two forwarding strategies for fragmented datagrams in the IoT: hop-wise reassembly and a minimal approach to direct forwarding of fragments. Direct fragment forwarding is challenged by the lack of forwarding information at subsequent fragments in 6LoWPAN and thus requires additional data at nodes. We compare the two approaches in extensive experiments evaluating reliability, end-to-end latency, and memory consumption. In contrast to previous work and due to our real-world testbed setup, we obtained different results and conclusions. Our findings indicate that direct fragment forwarding should be deployed with care, since higher packet transmission rates on the link layer can significantly reduce its reliability, which in turn can even further reduce end-to-end latency because of highly increased link layer retransmissions.

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“…In detail, each content chunk is hashed by SHA-256 followed by a keyed-hash message authentication code (HMAC). This message authentication is provided with our RIOT [23] version of CCN-lite, and we evaluated its performance in benchmarks on common IoT nodes. Figure 3 displays the runtime performance as a function of content size for three different IoT boards (running ARM Cortex M0, M3, and M4).…”

Section: Expenses Of Content Security In Icnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security for the Industrial IoT: The Case for Information-Centric Networking

Frey¹,

Gündoğan

Kietzmann

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE 5th World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)

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Industrial production plants traditionally include sensors for monitoring or documenting processes, and actuators for enabling corrective actions in cases of misconfigurations, failures, or dangerous events. With the advent of the IoT, embedded controllers link these 'things' to local networks that often are of low power wireless kind, and are interconnected via gateways to some cloud from the global Internet. Inter-networked sensors and actuators in the industrial IoT form a critical subsystem while frequently operating under harsh conditions. It is currently under debate how to approach inter-networking of critical industrial components in a safe and secure manner.In this paper, we analyze the potentials of ICN for providing a secure and robust networking solution for constrained controllers in industrial safety systems. We showcase hazardous gas sensing in widespread industrial environments, such as refineries, and compare with IP-based approaches such as CoAP and MQTT. Our findings indicate that the content-centric security model, as well as enhanced DoS resistance are important arguments for deploying Information Centric Networking in a safety-critical industrial IoT. Evaluation of the crypto efforts on the RIOT operating system for content security reveal its feasibility for common deployment scenarios.

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RIOT: An Open Source Operating System for Low-End Embedded Devices in the IoT

Cited by 182 publications

References 14 publications

Performance comparison of caching strategies for information-centric IoT

Performance comparison of caching strategies for information-centric IoT

A Lesson in Scaling 6LoWPAN – Minimal Fragment Forwarding in Lossy Networks

Security for the Industrial IoT: The Case for Information-Centric Networking

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