Rift Valley Fever, Sudan, 2007 and 2010

Aradaib, Imadeldin E.; Erickson, Bobbie R.; Elageb, Rehab M.; Khristova, Marina L.; Carroll, Serena A.; Elkhidir, Isam M; Karsany, Mubarak el; Karrar, A. E.; Elbashir, Mustafa I.; Nichol, Stuart T.

doi:10.3201/eid1902.120834

Cited by 45 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Other studies have reported higher rates [32,44]: for example, estimates from Aradaib et al . [44] were 4.20 × 10 −4 , 5.06 × 10 −4 , and 4.29 × 10 −4 substitutions per site per year for S, M, and L, respectively; the 95% HPD intervals reported in that paper overlap with ours. These differences might be a result of the different datasets used: our work should have better resolution because the dataset is larger and more diverse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Aradaib et al . [44] study was also limited to only two lineages of the 11 in our analysis, and covered only strains from Kenya, Sudan, Madagascar, and Zimbabwe. Interestingly, Freire et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, studies attributed the 1977–1978 epidemics in Egypt to viral introductions from Sudan [51,52], but our study saw strong support for Zimbabwe as a country of origin for Egyptian strains. This result suggests that, although Zimbabwe was the sampled origin for these lineages, they travelled north over Sudan to Egypt; all available Sudanese sequences came from more recent outbreaks in 2007–2010, which presumably originated in Kenya, and are genetically distant from Egyptian strains in the outbreak of the 1970s [44]. With no earlier Sudanese sequences available [53,54], this analysis could not find an origin in Sudan, and hence tracked lineages back to Zimbabwe; this result should thus not be taken to indicate that the hypothesis of a Sudanese origin for Egyptian epidemics is incorrect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeography of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula

2017

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Rift Valley Fever is an acute zoonotic viral disease caused by Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) that affects ruminants and humans in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. We used phylogenetic analyses to understand the demographic history of RVFV populations, using sequence data from the three minigenomic segments of the virus. We used phylogeographic approaches to infer RVFV historical movement patterns across its geographic range, and to reconstruct transitions among host species. Results revealed broad circulation of the virus in East Africa, with many lineages originating in Kenya. Arrival of RVFV in Madagascar resulted from three major waves of virus introduction: the first from Zimbabwe, and the second and third from Kenya. The two major outbreaks in Egypt since 1977 possibly resulted from a long-distance introduction from Zimbabwe during the 1970s, and a single introduction took RVFV from Kenya to Saudi Arabia. Movement of the virus between Kenya and Sudan, and CAR and Zimbabwe, was in both directions. Viral populations in West Africa appear to have resulted from a single introduction from Central African Republic. The overall picture of RVFV history is thus one of considerable mobility, and dynamic evolution and biogeography, emphasizing its invasive potential, potentially more broadly than its current distributional limits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeography of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula

2017

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“…This considers the first report of the disease occurrence outside the African continent-where it had been confined so far-becoming a threat to the Middle East. In 2007, there were outbreaks in Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania [4,5], while in 2008 and 2010, recent outbreaks of RFV occurred in Sudan [6,7]. In the year 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen were exposed to a huge RVF outbreak [8,9].…”

Section: Rvf Is An Office International Des Epizooties (Oie)-listedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic Situation of Rift Valley Fever in Egypt and Saudi Arabia

Sayed-Ahmed¹

2015

JDVAR

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Rift valley Fever (RFV) caused by RVF virus (RVFV) an acute febrile arbovirus in the Phlebovirus genus and Bunyaviridae family, is an OIE-listed, and is a viral zoonosis that primarily affects animals but also has the capacity to infect humans. The disease remained a veterinary concern in East Africa until a major outbreak occurred in Egypt in 1977. A second outbreak occurred in the Middle East was recorded in 2000 when RVF moved into Saudi Arabia and Yemen. In order to highlight the urgent need of establishing a health system for controlling RVF and to document the principal lessons collected from the recent outbreak as tools to inform veterinary preparedness and response plans for future RVF outbreaks in Egypt and Saudi Arabia, this review article aims to providing the basic information on ecological and epidemiological aspects associated RVF outbreaks in Egypt and Saudi Arabia.

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“…2,3 Congo-Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), West Nile virus (WNV), and chikungunya are known to occur in southern Sudan, on the border with South Sudan and Rift Valley fever (RVF) has occurred in South Sudan itself. [4][5][6][7] Importantly, RVF virus circulates sporadically or even cyclically, while most other agents of acute febrile illness circulate seasonally or continuously. Leptospirosis is known to occur in South Sudan.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seroconversion to Causes of Febrile Illness in Mongolian Peacekeepers Deployed to South Sudan

Altangerel¹,

Davadoorj²,

Fernandez

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Immediately before deployment (Fall 2012) and after deployment (Spring 2013) in support of United Nations peacekeeping operations, Mongolian Armed Forces medical personnel obtained serum samples from the first contingent of Mongolian peacekeepers deploying to South Sudan to monitor serologic evidence of exposure to diseases that cause acute febrile illness. A total of 632 paired samples were tested for IgG antibody for the following (number of seroconversions in parentheses): Rickettsia (spotted fever and typhus groups) (25), West Nile fever virus (WNV) (23), Coxiella burnetii (causative agent of Q fever) (12), dengue virus (8

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Rift Valley Fever, Sudan, 2007 and 2010

Abstract: Viral sequences analyzed indicate recent virus movement and support the need for surveillance.

Cited by 45 publications

References 30 publications

Phylogeography of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula

Phylogeography of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula

Epidemic Situation of Rift Valley Fever in Egypt and Saudi Arabia

Seroconversion to Causes of Febrile Illness in Mongolian Peacekeepers Deployed to South Sudan

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