Richness of Marchantiophyta and Bryophyta in a protected area of the Brazilian Amazon

Abstract

The bryophytes of Gurupi Biological Reserve represent an important component of the biodiversity of the Amazon in the Brazilian state of Maranhão. This study aimed to investigate the richness of bryophytes (Marchantiophyta and Bryophyta) from Gurupi Biological Reserve and compare it with that found in other surveys conducted in Maranhão and in the northeastern part of the state of Pará, because the latter shows similarities with the study area in terms of vegetation, geography, demography, and history of occupation. We recorded 983 occurrences of bryophytes (549 Marchantiophyta and 434 Bryophyta) corresponding to 62 species (43 liverworts and 19 mosses), 39 genera, and 12 families. Of those 62 species, 25 have previously been collected from all regions of Brazil, two are restricted to two regions, and four are restricted to the northern (Amazon) region. The bryophyte species identified within the reserve correspond to 28.9% of the known bryophytes in Maranhão and 31.3% of the known bryophytes in northeastern Pará, the reserve therefore more closely resembling the latter area. The exclusively Amazonian elements found in the reserve underscore their affinity for this biome and their presence in the state of Maranhão. The importance of this conservation area to Maranhão and to the Amazon region of the state is confirmed by the high number of new records for the state (41 species), five of which are also new records for northeastern Brazil.

Leafy liverworts of Chapada das Mesas National Park: a floristic survey and checklist of the leafy liverworts of Maranhão state, Brazil

“…The genera Lejeunea, Cheilolejeunea, and Frullania were the most representative in our study, as already reported in Maranhão (e.g., Peralta et al 2011;Macedo and Ilkiu-Borges 2014;Brito and Ilkiu-Borges 2014;Oliveira et al 2018b) and in the Northeast Region (e.g., Bôas- Bastos and Bastos 1998;Bastos and Yano 2006;Valente and Pôrto 2006;Yano and Peralta 2006;Siqueira et al 2011;Oliveira and Bastos 2014;Silva et al 2014;Germano et al 2016).…”

“…The full list of leafy liverworts of Maranhão, which includes 106 species and two varieties in nine families and 39 genera, is presented in the Appendix, Table A1. This list collates species from the literature (Yano 1987;He and Grolle 2001;Yano et al 2009;Santos and Conceição 2010;Peralta et al 2011;Ilkiu-Borges 2012, 2014;Macedo and Ilkiu-Borges 2014;Oliveira et al 2018b) as well as the results of our collections in CMNP.…”

“…The leafy liverwort species of CMNP represents 39% of the leafy liverworts recorded in the state and corresponds to 17% of the total number (236 species) of bryophytes (mosses and liverworts) occurring in the state (Yano et al 1987(Yano et al , 2009He and Grolle 2001;Conceição and Brito 2010;Santos and Conceição 2010;Peralta et al 2011;Varão et al 2011;Macedo and Ilkiu-Borges 2014;Ilkiu-Borges 2012, 2014;Vieira et al 2017;Oliveira et al 2018aOliveira et al , 2018bOliveira et al , 2018cOliveira et al , 2018dCosta et al 2018;Silva et al 2018aSilva et al , 2018bBonfim et al 2019). These results demonstrate the importance of CMNP to the bryophyte flora of Maranhão.…”

“…In the last 10 years, knowledge on the bryophyte flora of Maranhão has increased; new occurrences continue to be reported (e.g., Peralta et al 2011;Macedo and Ilkiu-Borges 2014) and new species discovered (Brito and Ilkiu-Borges 2012). Altogether, studies provide records of leafy liverworts from the state.…”

Species diversity of the genus Riccia L. (Marchantiales, Ricciaceae) in Maranhão state, Brazil

“…It is estimated that 89 bryophyte species occur in Maranhão state (Costa and Peralta 2015), and about 715 in northeastern Brazil (Flora do Brasil 2017, under construction). There have been only a few studies published on the bryoflora of Maranhão state (Brito and Ilkiu-Borges 2012, Macedo and Ilkiu-Borges 2014, Santos and Conceição 2010, Yano et al 2009, and just 2 cite species of Riccia .…”