Rich do not rise early: spatio-temporal patterns in the mobility networks of different socio-economic classes

Lotero, Laura; Hurtado, Rafael; Floría, L. M.; Gómez‐Gardeñes, Jesús

doi:10.1098/rsos.150654

Cited by 56 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Such a feature can be effectively observed in a series of actual complex systems, e.g., a set of airports that are connected by different airlines, each one with its own set of flights connecting a common pool of destinations [12,13]. The same is observed for a group of individuals that may communicate with each other through different media [14] or use different communication means with the same set of locations [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Optimizing diffusion in multiplexes by maximizing layer dissimilarity

2017

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Diffusion in a multiplex depends on the specific link distribution between the nodes in each layer, but also on the set of the intralayer and interlayer diffusion coefficients. In this work we investigate, in a quantitative way, the efficiency of multiplex diffusion as a function of the topological similarity among multiplex layers. This similarity is measured by the distance between layers, taken among the pairs of layers. Results are presented for a simple two-layer multiplex, where one of the layers is held fixed, while the other one can be rewired in a controlled way in order to increase or decrease the interlayer distance. The results indicate that, for fixed values of all intra-and interlayer diffusion coefficients, a large interlayer distance generally enhances the global multiplex diffusion, providing a topological mechanism to control the global diffusive process. For some sets of networks, we develop an algorithm to identify the most sensitive nodes in the rewirable layer, so that changes in a small set of connections produce a drastic enhancement of the global diffusion of the whole multiplex system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Optimizing diffusion in multiplexes by maximizing layer dissimilarity

2017

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“…The separation into six socioeconomic classes in Colombia [42] and, in particular, in large cities such as Medellín (the second largest city in Colombia with around 5 × 10 6 inhabitants) leads to a different demographic distribution across towns and, equally important, to different mobility patterns due to their heterogeneous needs and transportation services at hand (see Refs. [43,44] for details).…”

Section: Real Multiplex Metapopulations Determined By Socioeconomimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To study the evolution of diseases while preserving the information related to the existence of different socioeconomic classes, we make use of the former formalism by constructing, from the data presented in Refs. [45,46], a multiplex network of six layers. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Real Multiplex Metapopulations Determined By Socioeconomimentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading Processes in Multiplex Metapopulations Containing Different Mobility Networks

et al. 2018

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We propose a theoretical framework for the study of spreading processes in structured metapopulations, with heterogeneous agents, subjected to different recurrent mobility patterns. We propose to represent the heterogeneity in the composition of the metapopulations as layers in a multiplex network, where nodes would correspond to geographical areas and layers account for the mobility patterns of agents of the same class. We analyze classical epidemic models within this framework and obtain an excellent agreement with extensive Monte Carlo simulations. This agreement allows us to derive analytical expressions of the epidemic threshold and to face the challenge of characterizing a real multiplex metapopulation, the city of Medellín in Colombia, where different recurrent mobility patterns are observed depending on the socioeconomic class of the agents. Our framework allows us to unveil the geographical location of those patches that trigger the epidemic state at the critical point. A careful exploration reveals that social mixing between classes and mobility crucially determines these critical patches and, more importantly, it can produce abrupt changes of the critical properties of the epidemic onset.

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“…As a fundamental element of economic sustainability, economic equity requires the appropriate design of social programs and the adequate provision of public goods [3,[19][20][21][22] (The infrastructure needs are also shaped by the distribution of income and wealth. Spatial and temporal patterns of urban mobility, for example, have been shown to partly depend on socio-economic status [23]). This paper emphasizes public investment as a critical element to be considered when designing government programs aimed at promoting social sustainability by reducing economic inequality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Capital and the Labor Income Share

Bom

Goti

2018

Sustainability

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The decline of the labor share of income over the last few decades has been documented for many developed economies. A declining labor share is associated with rising income inequality, which raises obvious economic and social concerns. Although several explanations for this fact have been provided in the literature, they usually rely on elastic substitution between private capital and labor, which is generally not supported by the empirical literature. We argue in this paper that the fall in the labor share is potentially associated with the decline in public investment ratios, which have also been observed in most developed economies in the last few decades. We use a calibrated small-scale macroeconomic model to show how a negative public investment shock can have a sizeable negative effect on the labor share. Two assumptions are key in this result: that public capital directly augments private capital in production and that the elasticity of substitution between private capital and labor is smaller than one. We argue that both assumptions are plausible in practice. Our results suggest that, to promote long-run sustainable and inclusive growth, governments should increase the fraction of output devoted to public investment.

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Rich do not rise early: spatio-temporal patterns in the mobility networks of different socio-economic classes

Cited by 56 publications

References 49 publications

Optimizing diffusion in multiplexes by maximizing layer dissimilarity

Optimizing diffusion in multiplexes by maximizing layer dissimilarity

Spreading Processes in Multiplex Metapopulations Containing Different Mobility Networks

Public Capital and the Labor Income Share

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