Rice yields and water use under alternate wetting and drying irrigation: A meta-analysis

Carrijo, Daniela R.; Lundy, Mark; Linquist, Bruce A.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2016.12.002

Cited by 465 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Furthermore, as shown by no difference between AWD and AWDS (Table 3), the timing and the numbers of rewetting-drying cycles did not affect the grain yield. Similar results were also reported by other studies (Bouman and Tuong 2001;Carrijo et al 2017). In Thailand, there are only a few studies that investigated directly the impacts of water management on grain yield and GHG emissions.…”

Section: Effects Of Awd On Ghg Emissionssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In the second year, with 40% water saving, the reductions of rice yields and CH 4 emissions (13% and 11%, respectively) were not significant, but N 2 O emissions were more than doubled. Carrijo et al (2017) conducted a meta-analysis on the effects of AWD on rice yield and found that when water level is controlled not to drop below a soil depth of 15 cm, the AWD's (negative) effect on rice yield is not significant. They also indicate that soil properties such as pH and organic carbon content can interact with AWD in such a way that the effects of AWD on yield are more pronounced in soil with pH higher than 7 or carbon content less than 1%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the effects of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a paddy field in Thailand

Chidthaisong

Cha-un

Rossopa

et al. 2017

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is a water-saving irrigation technique in a paddy field that can reduce the emission of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG). It is being adopted to Asian countries, but different results are reported in literatures on methane, nitrous oxide emission, and rice productivity under AWD. Therefore, the local feasibility needs to be investigated before its adoption by farmers. The current study carried out a 3-year experiment in an acid sulfate paddy field in Prachin Buri, Thailand. During five crops (3 dry and 2 wet seasons), three treatments of water management were compared: continuous flooding (CF), flooding whenever surface water level declined to 15 cm below the soil surface (AWD), and site-specific AWD (AWDS) that weakened the criteria of soil drying (AWDS). Methane and nitrous oxide emissions were measured by a closed chamber method. Rice grain yield did not significantly (p < 0.05) differ among the three treatments. The amount of total water use (irrigation + rainfall) was significantly reduced by AWD (by 42%) and AWDS (by 34%) compared to CF. There was a significant effect of treatment on the seasonal total methane emission; the mean methane emission in AWD was 49% smaller than that in CF. The seasonal total nitrous oxide emission and the global warming potential (GWP) of methane and nitrous oxide did not differ among treatments. The contribution of nitrous oxide to the GWP ranged 39-62% among three treatments in dry season whereas 3-13% in wet season. The results indicate that AWD is feasible in terms of GHG emission mitigation, rice productivity, and water saving in this site, especially in dry season. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Effects Of Awd On Ghg Emissionssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a paddy field in Thailand

Chidthaisong

Cha-un

Rossopa

et al. 2017

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…Thus, we speculate that the AWD and AWDS implemented in this study were not so severe for sound rice growth that negative effects of soil drying, such as water stress, were not displayed on the grain yield. However, Carrijo et al (2017) reported from the metaanalysis that severe AWD (i.e., soil water potential in the rooting zone dropped below −20 kPa) resulted in yield losses of 22.6% relative to CF. We recorded there was no day drained on CF compared to AWD and AWDS treatments (Suplemental Table S2).…”

Section: Rice Productivity and Water Saving Under Awdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternate wetting and drying reduces methane emission from a rice paddy in Central Java, Indonesia without yield loss

Setyanto¹,

Pramono

Adriany

et al. 2017

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Water regimes play a central role in regulating methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from irrigated rice field. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) is a possible option, but there is limited information on its feasibility under local environmental conditions, especially for tropical region. We therefore carried out a 3-year experiment in a paddy field in Central Java, Indonesia to investigate the feasibility of AWD in terms of rice productivity, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, and water use both in wet and dry seasons (WS and DS). The treatments of water management were (1) continuous flooding (CF), (2) flooding every when surface water level naturally declines to 15 cm below the soil surface (AWD), and (3) site-specific AWD with different criteria of soil drying (AWDS) established to find out the optimum for GHG emission reduction. Gas flux measurement was conducted by a static closed chamber method. Rice growth was generally normal and the grain yield did not significantly differ among the three treatments both in WS and DS. AWD and AWDS significantly reduced the total water use (irrigation + rainfall) as compared to CF. As expected, the seasonal total CH 4 emission was significantly reduced by AWD and AWDS. On average, the CH 4 emissions under AWD and AWDS were 35 and 38%, respectively, smaller than those under CF. It should be noted that AWD and AWDS were effective even in WS due partly to the field location on inland, upland area that facilitates the drainage. The seasonal total N 2 O emission did not significantly differ among the treatments. The results indicate that AWD is a promising option to reduce GHG emission, as well as water use without sacrificing rice productivity in this field. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Because the current study and the one previous AWD study had similarly low soil THg concentrations (23 ± 4 ng g -1 and ~ 22 ng g -1 , respectively), studies are needed to test the effectiveness of AWD at reducing rice grain MeHg concentrations in more contaminated sites. Although aerobic rice production reduced grain MeHg and THg in rice grown in soil with 1000-fold higher THg concentrations (Peng et al, 2012;Wang et al, 2014), AWD has greater potential for adoption by farmers because it has less impact on yield (Carrijo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Plant Uptake Of Hg and Mehgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abiotic degradation of MeHg can also occur via photolytic demethylation, which is an important control of MeHg in many systems Sellers et al, 1996). Rice cultivation practices that result in unsaturated soil conditions can save water (Carrijo et al, 2017) and provide other benefits including reductions in methane emissions (Li et al,2006;Wassmann et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2015) and rice grain arsenic concentrations (Das et al, 2016;Linquist et al, 2014), However, increased rice grain Cd has also been reported (Norton et al, 2017). These practices can vary in severity, duration, and the timing of unsaturated periods, from unsaturated soil throughout the growing season (aerobic rice) to AWD in which discrete dry-down events are introduced into an otherwise flooded growing season.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternate Wetting and Drying Decreases Methylmercury in Flooded Rice (Oryza sativa) Systems

Tanner

Windham‐Myers

Marvin-DiPasquale

et al. 2018

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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In flooded soils, including those found in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields, microbes convert inorganic Hg to more toxic methylmercury (MeHg). Methylmercury is accumulated in rice grain, potentially affecting health. Methylmercury in rice field surface water can bioaccumulate in wildlife. We evaluated how introducing aerobic periods into an otherwise continuously flooded rice growing season affects MeHg dynamics. Conventional continuously flooded (CF) rice field water management was compared with alternate wetting and drying, where irrigation was stopped twice during the growing season, allowing soil to dry to 35% volumetric moisture content, at which point plots were reflooded ( Abbreviations: %Fe(II), ferrous iron as a percent of total citrate-dithionite extractable Fe; %MeHg, the percentage of total Hg that is methylmercury; AWD, alternate wetting and drying; AWD-35, alternate wetting and drying to 35% volumetric moisture content; CF, continuous flooding; DAP, day after planting; Fe(II) AE , acid-extractable ferrous Fe; (Fe(III) a, amorphous ferric iron; Fe T , total citrate-dithionite extractable Fe; FeRB, Fe-reducing bacteria; MeHg, methylmercury; SRB, sulfate-reducing bacteria; THg, total Mg. R ice is grown on 161 million ha worldwide and is the staple crop for 3.5 billion people globally (Muthayya et al., 2014). Rice is a semiaquatic plant and is usually grown under flooded conditions to help control weeds, increase nutrient availability, and ensure water supply during drought (Kendig et al., 2003). Flooded conditions also allow rice fields to serve as important wildlife habitat (Czech and Parsons, 2002); however, rice production is also associated with several negative impacts. First, rice requires higher water inputs than other cereal crops (Pimentel et al., 2004). Increasing food demand from a growing population and decreasing water availability (Mekonnen and Hoekstra, 2016) are placing pressure on rice growers to reduce the amount of water used for rice production. Second, the global warming potential of rice is elevated compared with other crops, caused in large part by high methane emissions (Linquist et al., 2012;Wassmann et al., 2010). Finally, flooded conditions can also change the speciation and increase the bioavailability of As and k. Christy Tanner* Core Ideas• We studied how alternate wetting and drying (AWd) water management effects methylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in rice fields.• Alternate wetting and drying reduced MeHg concentrations in soil, water, and rice grain.• Iron speciation indicated that AWd oxidized the soil and regenerated electron acceptors.• Rice yield did not differ between AWd and the control over 4 yr.

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Rice yields and water use under alternate wetting and drying irrigation: A meta-analysis

Cited by 465 publications

References 59 publications

Evaluating the effects of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a paddy field in Thailand

Evaluating the effects of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a paddy field in Thailand

Alternate wetting and drying reduces methane emission from a rice paddy in Central Java, Indonesia without yield loss

Alternate Wetting and Drying Decreases Methylmercury in Flooded Rice (Oryza sativa) Systems

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