Rice Paddy or Shrimp Pond: Tough Decisions in Rural Thailand

Flaherty, Mark; Vandergeest, Peter; Miller, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/s0305-750x(99)00100-x

Cited by 111 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Reflecting the lucrative market for tiger prawn and the incentives the Thai government has put in place to move into shrimp farming, Thai capital invested heavily in the industry from the 1980s onwards (Goss et al, 2000;Flaherty et al, 1999). Studies by Vandergeest and Flaherty (1997), Midas (1995) and Johnson (2000) have shown that the industry has tended towards smallholder production and wage labour, which is employed primarily during harvest periods.…”

Section: Mangrove Politics In Southwest Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies by Vandergeest and Flaherty (1997), Midas (1995) and Johnson (2000) have shown that the industry has tended towards smallholder production and wage labour, which is employed primarily during harvest periods. Corporate interests, such as CP and Aquastar, have played an important role in this process, providing stock, feedmeal and diagnostic services to establish exclusive rights over harvested shrimp (Vandergeest and Flaherty, 1997;Goss et al, 2000;Flaherty et al, 1999).…”

Section: Mangrove Politics In Southwest Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Principal among these are the environmental costs of land and water degradation, the economic costs of land encroachment and a wide array of social costs arising from the loss or degradation of neighbouring livelihood systems (see, for instance, Goss et al, 2000;Flaherty et al, 1999).…”

Section: Mangrove Politics In Southwest Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In the Eyes of the State: Negotiating a “Rights-Based Approach” to Forest Conservation in Thailand

Johnson¹,

Forsyth²

2002

World Development

111

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In the eyes of the state: negotiating a "rights-based approach" to forest conservation in Thailand Article (Accepted version) (Refereed)Original citation: Johnson, Craig and Forsyth, Tim (2002) In the eyes of the state: negotiating a "rights-based approach" to forest conservation in Thailand. World development, 30 (9 This document is the author's final manuscript accepted version of the journal article, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. Some differences between this version and the published version may remain. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. IN THE EYES OF THE STATE: NEGOTIATING A 'RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH' TO FOREST CONSERVATION IN THAILAND Craig Johnson and Tim ForsythWorld Development 30:9 1591-1605 2002 ABSTRACTRecent debates about governance, poverty and environmental sustainability have emphasized a 'rights-based' approach to development, in which individual rights and freedoms are strongly associated with fair and equitable development. Such approaches are defended both in terms of the 'intrinsic' benefits of basic human rights and the 'instrumental' benefits these may provide. However, the process of implementing a rights-based approach entails a number of political costs. Principal among these are the costs of ensuring that social rights are effectively enforced and the related cost of encouraging the state to intervene on behalf of poor and vulnerable groups in society. Reflecting upon these themes, this paper explores the case of Thailand's 'Community Forestry Bill', legislation that was introduced to support rights of access and environmental conservation for communities living in forest reserve areas. Examining watershed forests in the north and mangrove conservation in the south, it argues that efforts to support rural livelihoods through the establishment of community rights have been undermined by powerful private actors and by a state that has generally ruled in favour of commercial interests. The article then documents the creative ways in which civil society organizations have been able to negotiate and secure informal rights of access in rural areas. Such findings, it concludes, illustrate the need to situate rights-based approaches within the wider public spheres in which rules, rights, and 'community' are established, and defended.

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Section: Mangrove Politics In Southwest Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mangrove Politics In Southwest Thailandmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In the Eyes of the State: Negotiating a “Rights-Based Approach” to Forest Conservation in Thailand

Johnson¹,

Forsyth²

2002

World Development

111

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“…Shrimp aquaculture throughout the world has been characterized by 'boom and bust' cycles, and several authors have suggested that a similar pattern may be emerging in Thailand which is the world's largest producer of farmed shrimp (Dierberg and Kiattisimkul, 1996;Flaherty et al, 1999).…”

Section: Brian W Szuster and Mark Flahertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative environmental effects of low salinity shrimp farming in Thailand

Szuster¹,

Flaherty

2002

Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal

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“…Shang et al (1998) concluded that extensive fish farming (shrimp) rapidly depleted the soil organic matter content. Other studies (Beverage & Phillips, 1993;Deb, 1998;Flaherty et al, 1999) have reported that intensive and semi-intensive fish farming result in high volume of organic and inorganic effluents and toxic chemicals to the ecosystem that gives hypernutrification, eutrophication, and high soil toxicity. In Bangladesh, studies have shown that fish farming destroys the mangrove forest, increases soil acidity, salinity (farmers use sea water), and water pollution (Deb, 1998;Guimaraes, 1989;Hossain et al, 2004Rahman, 1994.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%