Rice field purification regulates carp intestinal flora to improve muscle mass

Abstract

Background: To explore the mechanism underlying suitable rice purification time and the resulting regulation of muscle mass in fish raised in rice paddies, 16S rDNA and metabolomics methods were used to perform analyses of intestinal microbial diversity and muscle metabolome in common carp. Results: There were significant differences in Chao1 and observed OTUs indices between groups C and D and between groups A and E (p< 0.05), and the Shannon indices of Group A were significantly lower than those of groups B, D, and E (p < 0.05). The dominant genera were Cetobacterium, ZOR0006, Romboutsia, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Pirellulaceae_unclassified. Metabolites that differed between groups were mainly enriched in biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, purine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Conclusions: In summary, rice purification significantly improved the composition of the intestinal flora of the carp and increased the abundance and diversity of intestinal microorganisms. Rice purification can regulate carp purine metabolism and promote the production of more umami substances such as Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and can increase muscle mass by inhibiting the production of Hypoxanthine (Hx) and inosine from Inosine-5‘-monophosphate (IMP). Rice field purification improved muscle mass in the carp by increasing the abundance of probiotics in the intestines.