Riboflavin and lumichrome exuded by the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense promote growth and changes in metabolites in Chlorella sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions

Lopez, Blanca R.; Palacios, Oskar A.; Bashan, Yoav; Hernández-Sandoval, Francisco E.; de‐Bashan, Luz E.

doi:10.1016/j.algal.2019.101696

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A direct exchange of N and C between A. brasilense Cd and C. sorokiniana was demonstrated by nanoSIMS (de-Bashan et al 2016), and the positive effect of the volatile compounds produced by A. brasilense in C. sorokiniana was also reported (Amavizca et al 2017). Lopez et al (2019) showed that riboflavin and lumichrome produced by A. brasilense had a significant effect on photosynthetic and auxiliary pigments in C. sorokiniana. The combination has been successfully used for wastewater treatment (de-Bashan et al 2002;Bashan et al 2004;Perez-Garcia et al 2010) and recovery of desert degraded soil after amendment of wastewater debris (Trejo et al 2012;Lopez et al 2013).…”

Section: Extending the Use Of Azospirillum Beyond The Agricultural Industrymentioning

confidence: 88%

Everything you must know about Azospirillum and its impact on agriculture and beyond

et al. 2020

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Azospirillum is one of the most studied plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB); it represents a common model for plantbacterial interactions. While Azospirillum brasilense is the species that is most widely known, at least 22 species, including 17 firmly validated species, have been identified, isolated from agricultural soils as well as habitats as diverse as contaminated soils, fermented products, sulfide springs, and microbial fuel cells. Over the last 40 years, studies on Azospirillum-plant interactions have introduced a wide array of mechanisms to demonstrate the beneficial impacts of this bacterium on plant growth. Multiple phytohormones, plant regulators, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, a variety of small-sized molecules and enzymes, enhanced membrane activity, proliferation of the root system, enhanced water and mineral uptake, mitigation of environmental stressors, and competition against pathogens have been studied, leading to the concept of the Multiple Mechanisms Hypothesis. This hypothesis is based on the assumption that no single mechanism is involved in the promotion of plant growth; it posits that each case of inoculation entails a combination of a few or many mechanisms. Looking specifically at the vast amount of information about the stimulatory effect of phytohormones on root development and biological nitrogen fixation, the Efficient Nutrients Acquisition Hypothesis model is proposed. Due to the existence of extensive agriculture that covers an area of more than 60 million hectares of crops, such as soybeans, corn, and wheat, for which the bacterium has proven to have some agronomic efficiency, the commercial use of Azospirillum is widespread in South America, with over 100 products already in the market in Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Studies on Azospirillum inoculation in several crops have shown positive and variable results, due in part to crop management practices and environmental conditions. The combined inoculation of legumes with rhizobia and Azospirillum (co-inoculation) has become an emerging agriculture practice in the last several years, mainly for soybeans, showing high reproducibility and efficiency under field conditions. This review also addresses the use of Azospirillum for purposes other than agriculture, such as the recovery of eroded soils or the bioremediation of contaminated soils. Furthermore, the synthetic mutualistic interaction of Azospirillum with green microalgae has been developed as a new and promising biotechnological application, extending its use beyond agriculture.

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Section: Extending the Use Of Azospirillum Beyond The Agricultural Industrymentioning

confidence: 88%

Everything you must know about Azospirillum and its impact on agriculture and beyond

et al. 2020

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“…Chlamydomonas is known to produce lumichrome (31), but lumichrome production has not been reported previously in P. tricornutum or Desmodesmus. Most previous studies of algae and lumichrome or riboflavin (vitamin B2), of which lumichrome is a derivative, have focused on possible lumichrome/riboflavin production by algal growth promoting bacteria, as opposed to algal production (33)(34)(35). Two recent studies found that exogenous lumichrome had positive growth impacts on the green algae Chlorella sorokiniana and Auxenochlorella protothecoides (33,34), while another found that riboflavin increased chlorophyll production in Chlorella vulgaris (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most previous studies of algae and lumichrome or riboflavin (vitamin B2), of which lumichrome is a derivative, have focused on possible lumichrome/riboflavin production by algal growth promoting bacteria, as opposed to algal production (33)(34)(35). Two recent studies found that exogenous lumichrome had positive growth impacts on the green algae Chlorella sorokiniana and Auxenochlorella protothecoides (33,34), while another found that riboflavin increased chlorophyll production in Chlorella vulgaris (35). Supporting these studies, we found that P. tricornutum, which produced the highest level of lumichrome (Supplemental Figure S3), exhibited increased growth in response to exogenous lumichrome addition (Figure 5), indicating it may be particularly important for this model diatom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of effector metabolites using exometabolite profiling of diverse microalgae

Brisson

Mayali

Bowen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Dissolved metabolites mediate algal interactions in aquatic ecosystems, but microalgal exometabolomes remain understudied. We conducted an untargeted metabolomic analysis of non-polar exometabolites exuded from four phylogenetically and ecologically diverse eukaryotic microalgal strains grown in the laboratory: freshwater Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, brackish Desmodesmus sp., marine Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and marine Microchloropsis salina, to identify released metabolites based on relative enrichment in the exometabolomes compared to cell pellet metabolomes. Exudates from the different taxa were distinct, but we did not observe clear phylogenetic patterns. We used feature based molecular networking to explore the identities of these metabolites, revealing several distinct di- and tripeptides secreted by each of the algae, lumichrome, a compound that is known to be involved in plant growth and bacterial quorum sensing, and novel prostaglandin-like compounds. We further investigated the impacts of exogenous additions of eight compounds selected based on exometabolome enrichment on algal growth. Of the these, five (lumichrome, 5’-S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine, 17-phenyl trinor prostaglandin A2, dodecanedioic acid, and aleuritic acid) impacted growth in at least one of the algal cultures. Two of these (dodecanedioic acid and aleuritic acid) produced contrasting results, increasing growth in some algae and decreasing growth in others. Together, our results reveal new groups of microalgal exometabolites, some of which could alter algal growth when provided exogenously, suggesting potential roles in allelopathy and algal interactions.

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“…Another vitamin that seems to play a key role in the mutualistic interaction between these two microorganisms is riboflavin (vitamin B2), a cofactor in antioxidation and peroxidation. Lopez et al [ 41 ] reported that A. brasilense produces riboflavin and lumichrome (a compound produced by the light degradation of riboflavin, which is also suggested as a plant-growth promoter), and both compounds affect the growth and metabolism of Chlorella sorokiniana .…”

Section: Mutualistic Interaction In Microalgae–bacteria Consortiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other ways of co-culture are by the immobilization of one of the microorganisms in biofilms while the other remains in suspension [33,34], with biofilms or different carriers embedding both microorganisms [35][36][37][38], or by the separation of the two species with a membrane [38,39]. Additionally, the growth-promoting effects of bacteria can also be evaluated on axenic microalgal cultures by cultivation with bacterial extracts [40,41] or through the addition of bacterial volatiles and gas exchange [42].…”

Section: Mechanisms Acting In Mutualistic Co-culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the Enhancement of Microalgal Metabolite Production through Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia

González-González¹,

de‐Bashan

2021

Biology

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Engineered mutualistic consortia of microalgae and bacteria may be a means of assembling a novel combination of metabolic capabilities with potential biotechnological advantages. Microalgae are promising organisms for the sustainable production of metabolites of commercial interest, such as lipids, carbohydrates, pigments, and proteins. Several studies reveal that microalgae growth and cellular storage of these metabolites can be enhanced significantly by co-cultivation with growth-promoting bacteria. This review summarizes the state of the art of microalgae–bacteria consortia for the production of microalgal metabolites. We discuss the current knowledge on microalgae–bacteria mutualism and the mechanisms of bacteria to enhance microalgae metabolism. Furthermore, the potential routes for a microalgae–bacteria biorefinery are outlined in an attempt to overcome the economic failures and negative energy balances of the existing production processes.

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Riboflavin and lumichrome exuded by the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense promote growth and changes in metabolites in Chlorella sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions

Cited by 33 publications

References 32 publications

Everything you must know about Azospirillum and its impact on agriculture and beyond

Everything you must know about Azospirillum and its impact on agriculture and beyond

Identification of effector metabolites using exometabolite profiling of diverse microalgae

Toward the Enhancement of Microalgal Metabolite Production through Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia

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