Rhythmicity in thermal humidity index and regulation ofHaemonchus contortusin sheep of semi-arid tropical Rajasthan

Swarnkar, C.P.; Singh, D.

doi:10.1080/09291016.2018.1515806

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The low prevalence of H. contortus seems to be due to the long periods of drought in the study sites. These climatic conditions reduced the requirement for moisture to develop the free-living stages of this nematode (Swarnkar & Singh, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to describe the shedding pattern of gastrointestinal parasite eggs by a wild population of desert bighorn sheep (DBS; Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico. Seventy-five fresh faecal samples were collected from the ground in each season within an hour after being expelled by these animals. The generalized linear mixed model showed that eggs per gram of faeces were highest in winter (577 ± 399) and lowest in summer (260 ± 198). Generalized linear models revealed that Strongyloides spp. predominated during most seasons with a peak in summer (85% of faecal samples analysed) and the absence of this helminth in winter. Nematodirus spp. was another helminth present in three seasons, with the presence of this nematode in 35% of the faecal samples in spring and 0% in summer. Other parasites in DBS faeces included Bunostomun spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Cooperia spp., Mecistocirrus digitatus, Haemonchus contortus, Chabertia ovina and Eimeria ovinoidalis. There were differences among seasons in the percentage of these helminths and coccidia in faecal samples for all these parasites. It was concluded that helminths egg output in DBS in a semi-arid rangeland is lowest in summer and spring and highest in autumn and winter. Furthermore, it was shown that DBS in the study site do not suffer from severe parasite burden. Therefore, this nematode parasite burden is compatible with the conservation and well-being of this particular population.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico

et al. 2022

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“…In general, the initial rising trend in FECs occurred in June probably due to resumption of development of hypobiotic worms within the host, giving peak of infection in July and provide the source of pasture contamination during monsoon (Swarnkar and Singh 2018). The decline in FEC in the following months may be due spontaneous occurrence of self-cure phenomenon following acquisition of fresh wave of infection from pasture and expulsion of old worms (Singh et al 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing regional epidemiology of strongyle nematodes at organized sheep farms in Rajasthan

Swarnkar

Singh

Khan

2020

Indian J of Anim Sci

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A study was conducted to observe the influence of year, season, month, breed, age and sex on epidemiology of strongyle nematodes in different sheep breeds managed at organised farms in arid and semi-arid Rajasthan by evaluating 14,030 fresh faecal samples (from April 2016 to March 2019). The overall incidence of strongyle worms was significantly higher (74.1%) in semi-arid as compared to 27.4% in arid region. Among breeds, it varied from 25.6% in Magra to 74.8% in Malpura sheep. The effect of year was significant on regional as well breed-wise incidence. Season had significant effect on regional incidence with maximum incidence during monsoon. A significant breed variation in overall and seasonal incidence was found only in arid region. Irrespective of sheep breed, significantly higher incidence of strongyle worms was observed in adult sheep in both the regions. Male had significantly higher incidence of strongyle worms in both the regions. The effect of agro-climatic region was significant on overall intensity of strongyle worms with mean FECs of 117.8±3.7 epg in arid and 1098.9±45.2 epg in semi-arid region. Breed-wise, the effect of year on intensity of strongyle nematodes was significant in arid region only. Seasonal intensity was significantly higher during monsoon season in both the agro-climatic regions and in all the breeds. Effect of age on overall intensity of infection was also significant in both the regions with higher mean FECs in adult animals as compared to young ones. In both the regions, males possessed higher FECs as compared to females. On coproculture, Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus sp and Oesophagostomum sp were recovered with maximum (71.1±2.1%) mean annual proportion of H. contortus. Availability of infective larvae of GI nematodes on herbage was observed during monsoon and extended up to post-monsoon season in semi-arid region. Comparatively higher herbage infectivity was not noticed in semi-arid farm with a peak of 2,100.0±97.9 L3/kg dry matter of herbage in September. The study suggest a marked influence of agro-climatic region on epidemiology and dynamics of strongyle nematodes in sheep flocks and on pasture. The breed variation was evident only in arid conditions. Further, the magnitude of monthly intensity of strongyle infection in arid region suggested anthelmintics intervention through targeted selective approach instead of strategic en-mass drench.

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“…The demand for meat products is multiplying rapidly due to rapid population growth [2]. However, the availability of sheep meat is decreasing as a result of the natural exposure of grazing animals to infestation of several gastrointestinal parasites that inhibit their development [3,4]. Infections caused by gastrointestinal nematodes remain a major health problem that cause production losses and disrupt the welfare of small ruminants [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Effects of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Adansonia digitata on Two Life-cycle Stages of Haemonchus contortus, a Gastrointestinal Parasite of Small Ruminants

Kuiseu¹,

Olounladé²,

Houssoukpe³

et al. 2022

AVS

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This study evaluated the in vitro anthelmintic activity of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Adansonia digitata leaf powder at 75; 150; 300; 600; 1200 and 2400 µg/mL against H. contortus, using the egg hatch test and the adult worm motility inhibition test. For egg hatch inhibition, the both plants showed significant concentration-dependent efficacy and were significantly more effective (p < 0.001) at the highest concentrations (1200 and 2400 µg/mL) than at the lowest. The hydro ethanolic extract of A. leiocarpus showed the highest inhibition (R 2 = 0.9963) and the aqueous extract of the same plant showed the lowest inhibition (R 2 = 0.9742). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the A. leiocarpus aqueous and hydro ethanolic extracts (86.19 and 72.5 µg/mL) were 3 times lower than those of the A. digitata extracts (302 and 269.5 µg/mL). Mobility of adult worms was also concentration dependent (p<0.05); and also dependent on incubation time (p<0.01). At 2400 µg/mL, all adult worms were immobile after 6 h of exposure, whereas at the lowest concentration (75 µg/mL), all adult worms were immobile after 36 h of exposure. Extracts from both plants had similar activity. Finally, the results of the present study suggest that the both plants studied have anthelmintic properties in vitro which would explain their use by livestock farmers. However, in vivo tests should be performed to confirm these properties in vivo as well.

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Rhythmicity in thermal humidity index and regulation ofHaemonchus contortusin sheep of semi-arid tropical Rajasthan

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico

Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico

Factors influencing regional epidemiology of strongyle nematodes at organized sheep farms in Rajasthan

<i>In vitro</i> Effects of <i>Anogeissus leiocarpus</i> and <i>Adansonia digitata</i> on Two Life-cycle Stages of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>, a Gastrointestinal Parasite of Small Ruminants

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Rhythmicity in thermal humidity index and regulation ofHaemonchus contortusin sheep of semi-arid tropical Rajasthan

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico

Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in northern Mexico

Factors influencing regional epidemiology of strongyle nematodes at organized sheep farms in Rajasthan

&lt;i&gt;In vitro&lt;/i&gt; Effects of &lt;i&gt;Anogeissus leiocarpus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Adansonia digitata&lt;/i&gt; on Two Life-cycle Stages of &lt;i&gt;Haemonchus contortus&lt;/i&gt;, a Gastrointestinal Parasite of Small Ruminants

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<i>In vitro</i> Effects of <i>Anogeissus leiocarpus</i> and <i>Adansonia digitata</i> on Two Life-cycle Stages of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>, a Gastrointestinal Parasite of Small Ruminants