Rhinoscleroma

Editors, The

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-49-5-395

Cited by 51 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…pneumoniae STs (including CC14 K2 ), and is distinct from phoE -15 found in Rhinoscleromatis. Despite the similarities in the pathologies they cause [21], [25], [26], it was thus not possible to equate K. granulomatis with clone Rhinoscleromatis, but a close evolutionary link cannot be excluded. In any case, phoE data indicate that K. granulomatis does not represent a distinct genomic species, but instead belongs to K. pneumoniae as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virulent Clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae: Identification and Evolutionary Scenario Based on Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization

et al. 2009

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Klebsiella pneumoniae is found in the environment and as a harmless commensal, but is also a frequent nosocomial pathogen (causing urinary, respiratory and blood infections) and the agent of specific human infections including Friedländer's pneumonia, rhinoscleroma and the emerging disease pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). The identification and precise definition of virulent clones, i.e. groups of strains with a single ancestor that are associated with particular infections, is critical to understand the evolution of pathogenicity from commensalism and for a better control of infections. We analyzed 235 K. pneumoniae isolates of diverse environmental and clinical origins by multilocus sequence typing, virulence gene content, biochemical and capsular profiling and virulence to mice. Phylogenetic analysis of housekeeping genes clearly defined clones that differ sharply by their clinical source and biological features. First, two clones comprising isolates of capsular type K1, clone CC23K1 and clone CC82K1, were strongly associated with PLA and respiratory infection, respectively. Second, only one of the two major disclosed K2 clones was highly virulent to mice. Third, strains associated with the human infections ozena and rhinoscleroma each corresponded to one monomorphic clone. Therefore, K. pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae and K. pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscleromatis should be regarded as virulent clones derived from K. pneumoniae. The lack of strict association of virulent capsular types with clones was explained by horizontal transfer of the cps operon, responsible for the synthesis of the capsular polysaccharide. Finally, the reduction of metabolic versatility observed in clones Rhinoscleromatis, Ozaenae and CC82K1 indicates an evolutionary process of specialization to a pathogenic lifestyle. In contrast, clone CC23K1 remains metabolically versatile, suggesting recent acquisition of invasive potential. In conclusion, our results reveal the existence of important virulent clones associated with specific infections and provide an evolutionary framework for research into the links between clones, virulence and other genomic features in K. pneumoniae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rhinoscleromatis and K. pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae [3], [18]–[21]. Other K. pneumoniae infections that are severe but more rarely reported include meningitis, necrotizing fasciitis and prostatic abscess [22]–[24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulent Clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae: Identification and Evolutionary Scenario Based on Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization

et al. 2009

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“…Rhinoscleroma is a human-specific chronic, progressive granulomatous infection of the upper airways, which may eventually lead to death or severe sequelae (Hart & Rao, 2000). Although considered a rare disease, it is endemic in poor populations of Eastern Europe, Middle East, tropical Africa, South and Central America and South East Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel murine model of rhinoscleroma identifies Mikulicz cells, the disease signature, as IL‐10 dependent derivatives of inflammatory monocytes

et al. 2013

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Rhinoscleroma is a human specific chronic disease characterized by the formation of granuloma in the airways, caused by the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies rhinoscleromatis, a species very closely related to K. pneumoniae subspecies pneumoniae. It is characterized by the appearance of specific foamy macrophages called Mikulicz cells. However, very little is known about the pathophysiological processes underlying rhinoscleroma. Herein, we characterized a murine model recapitulating the formation of Mikulicz cells in lungs and identified them as atypical inflammatory monocytes specifically recruited from the bone marrow upon K. rhinoscleromatis infection in a CCR2-independent manner. While K. pneumoniae and K. rhinoscleromatis infections induced a classical inflammatory reaction, K. rhinoscleromatis infection was characterized by a strong production of IL-10 concomitant to the appearance of Mikulicz cells. Strikingly, in the absence of IL-10, very few Mikulicz cells were observed, confirming a crucial role of IL-10 in the establishment of a proper environment leading to the maturation of these atypical monocytes. This is the first characterization of the environment leading to Mikulicz cells maturation and their identification as inflammatory monocytes.

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“…Impaired cellular immunity seems to be a major culprit. [11] Cellular immunity is impaired in patients with rhinoscleroma; however, their humoral immunity is preserved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Septal rhinoscleroma

Shoeib¹

2010

Indian J Plast Surg

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Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous condition of the nose and other structures of the upper respiratory tract. Infection by the bacterium Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis is said to be the cause. A female patient aged 45 years, presented with a past history of trauma to the nose and swelling on her nose since last 1 year. There was nasal asymmetry and internal nasal examination showed a septal swelling protruding to the right nasal cavity with hypertrophied nasal mucosa and inferior turbinate. Open tip rhinoplasty approach was used to excise the mass, which examined pathologically revealing a rhinoscleroma, fibrotic infiltrative stage.

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Rhinoscleroma

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

Virulent Clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae: Identification and Evolutionary Scenario Based on Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization

Virulent Clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae: Identification and Evolutionary Scenario Based on Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization

A novel murine model of rhinoscleroma identifies Mikulicz cells, the disease signature, as IL‐10 dependent derivatives of inflammatory monocytes

Septal rhinoscleroma

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