Rhino-bronchial syndrome in children: Pathogenic correlations and clinical-experimental aspects

Cassano, Michele; Cassano, Pasquale; Mappa, Luigi; Gelardi, Matteo; Farras, Aline Castelante; Fiorella, Maria Luisa

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.07.019

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Nasal allergies in childhood seem to play an irrelevant role in the pathogenesis of abnormal lower airway manifestations, unlike nasal obstructive syndromes which, as described in our recent study, may often cause lower airway disorders, especially infectious disease [27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

“…As concerns lower airway disorders, often cited manifestations of bronchial hyperresponse (asthma and chronic cough) were included, whereas recurrent bronchopulmonary infection, although an important childhood illness owing to its association with upper respiratory disease [27] was excluded because of the low number of subjects in our series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhinobronchial syndrome: Pathogenesis and correlation with allergic rhinitis in children

Cassano

Maselli

Mora

et al. 2008

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinobronchial syndrome: Pathogenesis and correlation with allergic rhinitis in children

Cassano

Maselli

Mora

et al. 2008

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…A number of mechanisms have been suggested to explain the link between the upper and lower airway, including the direct passage of mediators along the respiratory mucosa, blood-borne passage, and neural responses [3,4,8,[20][21][22][23]. Our finding of higher nasal inflammation scores suggests possible mechanism for the relationship between upper and lower airway inflammation is passing of bacteria into the lower respiratory tract via direct colonization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…We used rabbits as an experimental model, because they have practical advantages and their respiratory tract structures have anatomical and pathological conditions similar to humans. Rabbits are the most commonly used animals for investigation of sinus and lower airway diseases in the literature [4,5,9,10,19]. In order to induce acute rhinosinusitis, 0.05 ml of solution containing 2 9 10 7 CFU of Staphylococcus aureus soaked in absorbable gelatin sponge (Spongostan, Johnson & Johnson Medical Limited, Gargrave, Skipton, UK) was inoculated into the nasal cavities of animals as described early in Marks et al's study [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Lower Airway Inflammation in a Rabbit Model of Acute Rhinosinusitis

Selçuk¹,

Akdoğan

Giray

et al. 2011

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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This study aimed to investigate the association of inflammatory changes of upper and lower airways in a rabbit model of acute rhinosinusitis. The study included six adult albino rabbits. The sinuses of one animal were injected with saline solution and the animal was served as sham control. Other animals were implanted with intranasal S. aureus soaked-absorbable gelatin sponge. Acute rhinosinusitis was induced and subjects were sacrificed at the end of the second week. Tissue samples from all levels of the airway were obtained. They were evaluated for the presence of inflammatory changes histologically. A scoring system for airway inflammation was used for quantitative assessment of the degree of inflammation. Structural changes in the epithelial and stromal layers of the upper and lower airway structures were analyzed, as well. The animal of which the sinuses were injected with saline solution developed neither acute rhinosinusitis nor lower airway inflammation. In contrast, the animals in which acute rhinosinusitis was induced demonstrated significant upper and lower airway inflammation histologically. Inflammatory changes ranged from engorgement of blood vessels and polymorphonuclear cell proliferation within the capillaries, in the perivascular tissue of the epithelium or in the lamina propria and to epithelial disruption. Nasal airway inflammation scores (2.86 ± 1.81) were significantly higher than lower airway scores (1.36 ± 0.77), (P \ 0.01). We obtained a generalized mucosal inflammatory response against localized bacterial inflammation in a rabbit model of acute rhinosinusitis, confirming the suggestion of 'one airway--one disease' from a bacterial infection point of view.

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Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Children With Adenoid Hypertrophy: The Role of Adenoidectomy for Improving Ear Ventilation

et al. 2021

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Introduction: To our knowledge, few papers have addressed preoperative evaluation of the impact of adenoid hypertrophy (AH) on the pathogenesis of eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) in children with otitis media with effusion (OME). Aim: The aim of this study was 2-fold: first, to evaluate ETD using tubomanometry and Eustachian Tube Score 7 (ETS-7), in a group of children having AH; second, to assess the clinical impact of adenoidectomy on the ETD of these patients. Methods: Fifty patients, aged 4 to 15 years, underwent adenoidectomy based on various parameters: size of the adenoids causing canal obstruction (grades 1-4), the presence of OME, and recurrent episodes of rhinosinusitis. The function of the eustachian tube was evaluated using ETS-7 before and after surgical treatment. The patients were followed up for 6 months. Results: Forty children presented ETD. Of these, 36 had a grade 4 AH. The preoperative mean value for ETS-7 was 6.62. The mean postoperative ETS-7 score showed a value of 9.60 with a statistical difference compared to the preoperative value ( P = .0015). Conclusions: Adenoid hypertrophy has a high impact on the frequency of ETD. In the patients observed in the present study, the ETS-7 score appeared to be a valid tool for assessing ETD both preoperatively and postoperatively. Adenoidectomy seemed to be effective in improving ETD as well as middle ear ventilation.

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Rhino-bronchial syndrome in children: Pathogenic correlations and clinical-experimental aspects

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Rhinobronchial syndrome: Pathogenesis and correlation with allergic rhinitis in children

Rhinobronchial syndrome: Pathogenesis and correlation with allergic rhinitis in children

Analysis of Lower Airway Inflammation in a Rabbit Model of Acute Rhinosinusitis

Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Children With Adenoid Hypertrophy: The Role of Adenoidectomy for Improving Ear Ventilation

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