Rheological Properties of Cornstalks Subjected to Transverse Loading

Pickett, Leon; Liljedahl, J. B.; Ullstrup, C. G. Haugh and A. J.

doi:10.13031/2013.38849

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Genome wide association studies have been extensively used to identify candidate genes associated with complex traits [54]. Plant height is a commonly studied complex trait because it is a relatively simple phenotype to measure and because of its relationship with biomass [55], lodging resistance [56], and grain yield [57]. Association studies for maize plant height have been conducted using a variety of populations and marker sets [12–15, 31, 48, 58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-plant GWAS coupled with bulk segregant analysis allows rapid identification and corroboration of plant-height candidate SNPs

et al. 2019

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Background Genome wide association studies (GWAS) are a powerful tool for identifying quantitative trait loci (QTL) and causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/genes associated with various important traits in crop species. Typically, GWAS in crops are performed using a panel of inbred lines, where multiple replicates of the same inbred are measured and the average phenotype is taken as the response variable. Here we describe and evaluate single plant GWAS (sp-GWAS) for performing a GWAS on individual plants, which does not require an association panel of inbreds. Instead sp-GWAS relies on the phenotypes and genotypes from individual plants sampled from a randomly mating population. Importantly, we demonstrate how sp-GWAS can be efficiently combined with a bulk segregant analysis (BSA) experiment to rapidly corroborate evidence for significant SNPs. Results In this study we used the Shoepeg maize landrace, collected as an open pollinating variety from a farm in Southern Missouri in the 1960’s, to evaluate whether sp-GWAS coupled with BSA can efficiently and powerfully used to detect significant association of SNPs for plant height (PH). Plant were grown in 8 locations across two years and in total 768 individuals were genotyped and phenotyped for sp-GWAS. A total of 306 k polymorphic markers in 768 individuals evaluated via association analysis detected 25 significant SNPs (P ≤ 0.00001) for PH. The results from our single-plant GWAS were further validated by bulk segregant analysis (BSA) for PH. BSA sequencing was performed on the same population by selecting tall and short plants as separate bulks. This approach identified 37 genomic regions for plant height. Of the 25 significant SNPs from GWAS, the three most significant SNPs co-localize with regions identified by BSA. Conclusion Overall, this study demonstrates that sp-GWAS coupled with BSA can be a useful tool for detecting significant SNPs and identifying candidate genes. This result is particularly useful for species/populations where association panels are not readily available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-plant GWAS coupled with bulk segregant analysis allows rapid identification and corroboration of plant-height candidate SNPs

et al. 2019

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“…The morphology of plants and internodes strongly affects the plant's ability to resist lodging. Pickett et al (1969) reported Table 4. Hidden layer basis function centre and variance that the resistance of maize to stalk lodging was correlated with plant height, stalk diameter and length of internodes below the ear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The morphology of plants and internodes strongly affects the plant's ability to resist lodging. Pickett et al (1969) reported that the resistance of maize to stalk lodging was correlated with plant height, stalk diameter and length of internodes below the ear. Stalk lodging in maize was positively correlated with basal internode length (Esechie, 1985), but negatively correlated with basal internode diameter (Martin and Russell, 1984; Novacek et al , 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the relationship between rice stem composition and lodging resistance

et al. 2018

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Plant height and lodging resistance can affect rice yield significantly, but these traits have always conflicted in crop cultivation and breeding. The current study aimed to establish a rapid and accurate plant type evaluation mechanism to provide a basis for breeding tall but lodging-resistant super rice varieties. A comprehensive approach integrating plant anatomy and histochemistry was used to investigate variations in flexural strength (a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test) of the rice stem and the lodging index of 15 rice accessions at different growth stages to understand trends in these parameters and the potential factors influencing them. Rice stem anatomical structure was observed and the lignin content the cell wall was determined at different developmental stages. Three rice lodging evaluation models were established using correlation analysis, multivariate regression and artificial radial basis function (RBF) neural network analysis, and the results were compared to identify the most suitable model for predicting optimal rice plant types. Among the three evaluation methods, the mean residual and relative prediction errors were lowest using the RBF network, indicating that it was highly accurate and robust and could be used to establish a mathematical model of the morphological characteristics and lodging resistance of rice to identify optimal varieties.

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“…have suggested correlations between other morphological traits (e.g., stalk diameter, length of the lower internodes, and number of internodes above the ear) and stalk lodging (Pickett et al, 1969;Martin and Russell, 1984a;Fu et al, 2011). However, Helms and Compton (1984), Martin and Russell (1984b), and Dudley (1994) found that stalk lodging resistance in maize cultivars was only marginally related to the indicators of plant and ear height, the number and length of internodes by recurrent selection for rind strength, and stalk rot resistance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lodging‐Related Stalk Characteristics of Maize Varieties in China since the 1950s

et al. 2014

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Stalk lodging often limits maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield potential and also causes difficulties in harvest operations. Stalk characteristics [e.g., plant height, ear height, and rind puncture strength (RPS)] have close relationships with stalk lodging in maize. The objectives of this 2-yr field study were to (i) report the changes in stalk lodging in maize cultivars that were widely grown in China since the 1950s, (ii) examine the stalk morphological and mechanical properties of maize within this timeframe, and (iii) assess the stalk lodging and grain yield of maize populations as related to changes in their stalk traits. The results showed that stalk lodging decreased significantly with the year of maize cultivar release. There was marked genotypic variation in lodging-related morphological and mechanical traits. The grain yield, dry matter accumulation (DMA), harvest index (HI), length of the 13th and 14th internodes, RPS of the fourth internode, and bending strength of the first internode all significantly increased in more modern cultivars. Length of the fourth and fifth internodes clearly decreased with improved maize cultivars. Among these traits, DMA, HI, and the length of fifth and 13th internodes were closely related to lodging resistance. As a result of stepwise regression analysis, stalk lodging was determined to be partially affected by variability in ear height or ear ratio. There were no significant correlations between stalk mechanical traits and stalk lodging. Our results indicated that improving the lodging resistance of maize cultivars was not accomplished by intentionally selecting these characteristics in China.

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Rheological Properties of Cornstalks Subjected to Transverse Loading

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Single-plant GWAS coupled with bulk segregant analysis allows rapid identification and corroboration of plant-height candidate SNPs

Single-plant GWAS coupled with bulk segregant analysis allows rapid identification and corroboration of plant-height candidate SNPs

Studies of the relationship between rice stem composition and lodging resistance

Lodging‐Related Stalk Characteristics of Maize Varieties in China since the 1950s

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