Rheological determination of the swollen gel strength of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels

Ramazani-Harandi, M. J.; Zohuriaan‐Mehr, M. J.; Yousefi, Ali Akbar; Ershad‐Langroudi, Amir; Kabiri, Kourosh

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2006.01.011

Cited by 192 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…in which k and a are constants for a given combination of polymer, solvent and temperature [13]. GO addition, also, increases the zero-shear viscosity( η o ) six times due to the increment in the intermolecular interactions [5], and disappeared the variations in G" at lower frequencies ; make the damping behavior more stable.…”

Section: Rheology Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)

Braihi¹,

Salih²,

Hashem³

2015

IJMSA

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Uncross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) / starch blend used to prepare two hydrogels; the first is crosslinked CMC / starch with aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker and the second is SHNCs manufactured from incorporation of 0.3wt% nano graphite oxide (GO) in the above cross-linked blend. Viscoelastic and rheological properties of these two hydrogels were studied and compared with the uncross-linked blend. Results showed that the cross-linking process increases the blend miscibility and converted it to miscible blend. The SHNCs hydrogel has the higher T g and the uncrosslinked blend has the higher Tan δ. GO addition causes increment in some viscoelastic parameters such as G*, G', and G", and decrement in damping parameters and make the damping behavior more stable at lower frequencies, and causes increment for all rheological parameters (η* , η o , η f , and G N o ). GO addition leads, also, to the absence of the shear thickening behavior and increases both the entanglement density and the molecular weight average. Both hydrogels exhibited broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) and highly cross-linking degree and their elastic behavior predominates; makes them rigid specially at higher frequencies.

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Section: Rheology Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, with increasing frequency, i.e. low relaxation time, the samples flexibility is diminished and the swollen samples becomes increasingly rigid [13].…”

Section: Rheology Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)

Braihi¹,

Salih²,

Hashem³

2015

IJMSA

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“…22 A macro-porous sintered glass filter plate (d=80 mm, h=7 mm) was placed in a petri dish (d=118 mm, h=12 mm), and the weighted dried sample (0.5±0.01g) was uniformly placed on the surface of a polyester gauze located on the sintered glass. A cylindrical solid load (Teflon, d=60 mm, variable height) was put on the dry hydrogel particles while it could be freely slipped in a glass cylinder (d=60 mm, h=50 mm).…”

Section: Absorbency Under Load (Aul)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and swelling properties of a poly(vinyl alcohol)-based superabsorbing hydrogel

Hosseinzadeh

2013

10.5267/j.ccl

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Superabsorbent hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared by a crosslinking technique using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. The hydrogel structure was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results from SEM observation showed a porous structure with smooth surface morphology of the hydrogel. We have systematically optimized the certain variables of hydrogel synthesis (i.e. the crosslinker concentration, poly(vinyl alcohol) content, time and temperature of crosslinking reaction) to achieve a hydrogel with maximum water absorbency. It was concluded that under the optimized conditions, maximum capacity of swelling in distilled water was equal to 231 g/g. The absorbency under load (AUL) of hydrogels was also measured. In addition, swelling ratio in various salt solutions was determined and the hydrogels exhibited salt-sensitivity properties.

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“…When the superabsorbents are under load, the swelling capacity is decreased, so another parameter, i. e. absorbency under load (AUL) is often defined and reported especially in technical data. Although the values of load-free absorbency (free swelling) are usually given in the basic scientific literature, the more realistic values, i. e. AUL are often reported in the technical data sheets and patent articles [20]. Since AUL values are logically changed in proportion to mechanical strength of the swollen gel, AUL can be considered as a measure of the gel strength of SAPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since AUL values are logically changed in proportion to mechanical strength of the swollen gel, AUL can be considered as a measure of the gel strength of SAPs. So, many efforts have been made to achieve superabsorbents having higher AUL or higher strength of the swollen gel [20][21][22]. Achieving the composite hydrogels with high absorption capabilities has been attempted by researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of synthetic conditions CMC-g-poly (acrylic acid)/Celite composite superabsorbent by Taguchi method and determination of its absorbency under load

Pourjavadi¹,

Amini‐Fazl²,

Ayyari³

2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract.A novel biopolymer-based composite hydrogel was synthesized through chemical crosslinking by graft copolymerization of partially neutralized acrylic acid onto the carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The Taguchi method, a robust experimental design, was employed for the optimization of the synthesis based on the swelling capacity of the hydrogels. This method was applied for the experiments and standard L16 orthogonal array with five factors and four levels. In the synthesis of the composite superabsorbent, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker, ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator, acrylic acid (AA) as monomer, CMC/Celite weight ratio and neutralization percent (NU) were used as important factors. From the analysis of variance of the test results, the most effective factor controlling equilibrium swelling capacity was obtained and maximum water absorbency of the optimized final product was found to be 310 g/g. The surface morphology of the gel was examined using scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore in this research, swelling capacity of composite SAPs was determined under realistic condition (saline solution absorbency under load).

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Rheological determination of the swollen gel strength of superabsorbent polymer hydrogels

Cited by 192 publications

References 12 publications

Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)

Viscoelastic and Rheological Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch/Graphite Oxide as Superabsorbent Hydrogel Nano Composites (SHNCs)

Synthesis and swelling properties of a poly(vinyl alcohol)-based superabsorbing hydrogel

Optimization of synthetic conditions CMC-g-poly (acrylic acid)/Celite composite superabsorbent by Taguchi method and determination of its absorbency under load

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