Rheological characterization of yellow grease and poultry fat

Abstract

The rheological properties of yellow grease and poultry fat and their liquid density at 25.0°C were experimentally determined. Dynamic viscosities of these industrial recycled fat products were measured for shear rates of 0.65 to 32.34 s −1 at temperatures of 15.6 to 71.1°C. The resulting measurements were fitted to a power law model to obtain values for the consistency coefficient and the flow behavior index. The data was also fit to Andrade's equation to relate viscosity to temperature. These results indicated pseudoplastic flow behavior for both products, with increasing non-Newtonian behavior at higher temperatures and shear rates.Paper no. J10083 in JAOCS 79, 961-964 (October 2002). KEY WORDS:Biodiesel, chicken fat, fatty acids, poultry fat, recycled fats, rheology, shear rate, triglycerides, viscosity, yellow grease.where D and B are empirical constants and T is absolute temperature (6). This analysis is performed by measuring viscosity changes with varying temperature at a constant shear rate.

The fluid phase of morsellized bone: Characterization of viscosity and chemical composition

“…Cowin (1999) stated that bone marrow has a viscosity in the range 0.1-0.01 Pa s, our finding is well within this interval. The determined values of A = 1.3 × 10 −4 Pa s and B = 3950 • C in Andrade's equation agree well with the findings of Goodrum et al (2002a) who reported values for A and B to be 5×10 −4 Pa s and 3520 • C, respectively, for poultry fat at strain rates above 3.2 s −1 . This is also seen in Fig.…”

“…The extracted liquid Fig. 4 -The temperature model used to determine the viscosity as a function of temperature, the mean data from the experiment and the viscosity determined from the temperature model found for poultry fat by Goodrum et al (2002b).…”

“…4. For comparison the viscosity previously determined for poultry fat (Goodrum et al, 2002b) is also indicated in the same figure.…”

Advancements in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Biodiesel Synthesis

“…Among these renewable oils and fats are soybean oil [5], rapeseed oil [6], cotton seed oil [7], sunflower seed oil [8], jojoba oil [9], waste cooking oil [10], chicken fat [11], lard [12], and beef tallow [3]. Typical alcohols used as the reactant in this biodiesel process include methanol [5], ethanol [13] and butanol [14], with methanol being the most widely used because of its lower cost.…”

Evaluation of emu oil extraction methods and their effects on physical and rheological behavior

“…Liquid density at 258C was very similar to oils of vegetable and marine animal origin, such as coconut oil (919 kg/m ). However, it was higher than that found for lard oil (864 kg/ m 3 at 15.58C) and poultry fat (880 kg/m 3 at 23.98C) [18,26].…”