Rhein lysinate increases the median survival time of SAMP10 mice: protective role in the kidney

Hu, Gang; Liu, Jiang; Zhen, Yong‐Su; Xu, Ran; Qiao, Yu; Wei, Jie; Tu, Ping; Lin, Yajun

doi:10.1038/aps.2012.177

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Thus, it can be deduced that RHL protects the liver by reducing the level of reactive oxygen species. These results are similar to those our previous study (Hu et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Rhein lysinate decreases inflammation and adipose infiltration in KK/HlJ diabetic mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of rhein lysinate (RHL) on the liver. Mice were divided into four groups: C57BL/J control, the KK/HlJ diabetic model, and 25 and 50 mg/kg/day RHL-treated KK/HlJ groups. The KK/HlJ diabetic mouse model was made by injecting STZ and feeding mice diabetic food. At 16 weeks, mice were sacrificed and their livers were harvested. The results indicated that compared with the C57BL/J control group, the body weights, liver weights and liver weight-to-body weight ratio were increased in KK/HlJ diabetic mice; however, these values were decreased following treatment with RHL. Compared with the C57BL/J control, KK/HlJ diabetic mice had a significantly lower level of SOD and GSH-px in their livers, but had a significantly higher level of MDA. However, these effects were ameliorated by RHL. Hepatic adipose infiltration was observed in KK/HlJ mice, but not in C57BL/J mice. RHL decreased the incidence of hepatic adipose infiltration and significantly decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, SREBP-1c, and Fas, as well as the phosphorylation of NF-κB in the liver. In conclusion, RHL can improve hepatic function by decreasing hepatic adipose infiltration and the expression of inflammatory factors.

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“…Thus, it can be deduced that RHL protects the liver by reducing the level of reactive oxygen species. These results are similar to those our previous study (Hu et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Rhein lysinate decreases inflammation and adipose infiltration in KK/HlJ diabetic mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

et al. 2016

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“…RHL is a novel compound, which was synthesized by our team. Compared with rhein, RHL is easily dissolved in water (25,31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rhein lysinate on D-galactose-induced aging mice

Zhen

Lin

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-aging effects of rhein lysinate (RHL), and to explore its mechanism of action in a D-galactose-induced aging mouse model. Aging was induced by D-galactose (100 mg/kg/day) that was subcutaneously injected to animals for 8 weeks. RHL was simultaneously administered once a day by intragastric gavage. The appetite, mental condition, body weight and organ index of the mice were monitored. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver, kidney and serum were measured by appropriate assay kits. Western blot analysis was used to detect proteins associated with age. The results indicated that RHL may improve the appetite, mental state and organ conditions of the model mice, improve the activities of SOD and GSH-Px, reduce MDA levels and modulate the expression of age-associated proteins (Sirtuin 1, p21 and p16) in D-galactose-induced mice. Therefore, RHL may be effective at suppressing the aging process through a combination of enhancing antioxidant activity, scavenging free radicals and modulating aging-associated gene expression.

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“…Histological staining Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were performed as previously described [10,11] . Briefly, the intestine samples used for histological analysis were fixed with 4% phosphate buffered paraformaldehyde for 24 h and embedded in paraffin.…”

Section: Immunohistochemical Staining For Metrnlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Metrnl released into the gut lumen acts as a local regulator for gut antimicrobial peptides

Fan

Zhang

et al. 2016

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: Metrnl is a novel secreted protein, but its physiological roles remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the tissue expression pattern of Metrnl in humans and explored its possible physiological role in the tissues with most highly expressed levels. Methods: A human tissue microarray containing 19 types of tissues from 69 donors was used to examine the tissue expression pattern of Metrnl, and the expression pattern was further verified in fresh human and mouse tissues. Intestinal epithelial cell-specific Metrnl knockout mice were generated, which were used to analyze the physiological roles of Metrnl. Results: Metrnl was the most highly expressed in the human gastrointestinal tract, and was specifically expressed in the intestinal epithelium. Consistent with this, Metrnl mRNA was also most highly expressed in the mouse gastrointestinal tract among the 14 types of tissues tested. In the intestinal epithelial cell-specific Metrnl knockout mice, the Metrnl levels in the gut fluid were significantly reduced, whereas the Metrnl serum levels showed a trend towards a reduction, but this change was not statistically significant. This cell-specific deletion of Metrnl did not affect body weight, food intake, blood glucose, colon length and histology, intestinal permeability, mucus content or mucin 2 expression under physiological conditions, but statistically decreased the expression of antimicrobial peptides, such as regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma (Reg3g) and lactotransferrin. Conclusion: Metrnl is highly expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells of humans and mice, which mainly contributes to the local gut Metrnl levels and affects the serum Metrnl level to a lesser extent. Metrnl plays a role in maintaining gut antimicrobial peptides.

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Rhein lysinate increases the median survival time of SAMP10 mice: protective role in the kidney

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Rhein lysinate decreases inflammation and adipose infiltration in KK/HlJ diabetic mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Rhein lysinate decreases inflammation and adipose infiltration in KK/HlJ diabetic mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Effects of rhein lysinate on D-galactose-induced aging mice

Intestinal Metrnl released into the gut lumen acts as a local regulator for gut antimicrobial peptides

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