Rhein lysinate decreases inflammation and adipose infiltration in KK/HlJ diabetic mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of rhein lysinate (RHL) on the liver. Mice were divided into four groups: C57BL/J control, the KK/HlJ diabetic model, and 25 and 50 mg/kg/day RHL-treated KK/HlJ groups. The KK/HlJ diabetic mouse model was made by injecting STZ and feeding mice diabetic food. At 16 weeks, mice were sacrificed and their livers were harvested. The results indicated that compared with the C57BL/J control group, the body weights, liver weights and liver weight-to-body weight ratio were increased in KK/HlJ diabetic mice; however, these values were decreased following treatment with RHL. Compared with the C57BL/J control, KK/HlJ diabetic mice had a significantly lower level of SOD and GSH-px in their livers, but had a significantly higher level of MDA. However, these effects were ameliorated by RHL. Hepatic adipose infiltration was observed in KK/HlJ mice, but not in C57BL/J mice. RHL decreased the incidence of hepatic adipose infiltration and significantly decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB, SREBP-1c, and Fas, as well as the phosphorylation of NF-κB in the liver. In conclusion, RHL can improve hepatic function by decreasing hepatic adipose infiltration and the expression of inflammatory factors.

Improved heart failure by Rhein lysinate is associated with p38MAPK pathway

“…For instance, RHL was shown to reduce inflammation and adipose infiltration in KK/HlJ diabetic mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (10). And RHL was suggested to suppress the progression of breast and ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer and lung carcinoma mainly by downregulation of Bcl-2 and cyclin D expression and upregulation of BAX and Bim expression (18).…”

“…The application of herbal medicines is common in Asian countries due to the lower adverse effects and effectiveness in various human diseases (10). Rhein is isolated from the rhizome of rhubarb and is characterized by broad pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic activity, anti-inflammation and inhibition of interleukin-1-induced chondrocyte activation (11,12).…”

Dahuang Zexie Decoction Protects against High‐Fat Diet‐Induced NAFLD by Modulating Gut Microbiota‐Mediated Toll‐Like Receptor 4 Signaling Activation and Loss of Intestinal Barrier

“…Meng et al reported that alisol B protected against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice by activating farnesoid X receptor [ 57 ]. Rhein and emodin also can improve NAFLD induced by HFD [ 58 , 59 ], and emodin can restore the increased intestinal permeability by inhibiting inflammation response [ 60 ]. Meanwhile, a former research revealed that alisol C monoacetate and alisol B could inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory reaction [ 61 ].…”

Rhein lysinate improves motor function in rats with spinal cord injury via inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway

“…Rhein (RH) is one of the main active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, such as rhubarb and Polygonum multiflorum . Rhein lysinate (RHL) was obtained by structural modification of RH with lysine (LY) . Its water solubility was significantly improved, and its clinical application was expanded .…”

“…15 Rhein lysinate (RHL) was obtained by structural modification of RH with lysine (LY). 16 Its water solubility was significantly improved, and its clinical application was expanded. 17 Studies have shown that RHL is characterized by anti-inflammatory and antitumor features.…”