Rh‐Based Nanocatalysts for Heterogeneous Reactions

Abstract

Rhodium (Rh) is well‐known for its catalytic application in diverse industrial reactions such as methane conversion, hydrogen generation, and olefin hydroformylation. Compared to homogeneous catalysts, heterogeneous Rh‐based nanocatalysts are facilely separated and collected after reactions, thus being more compatible for industrialization. To this end, the development of active and stable heterogeneous Rh‐based catalysts has received everlasting interest. In this review, we focus on the synthesis and catalytic application of Rh‐based nanocatalysts for heterogeneous catalysis. Recent efforts in the design and fabrication of Rh‐based nanocatalysts are highlighted. Various synthetic strategies and protocols for shape‐controlled synthesis of Rh‐based nanocrystals and supported Rh‐based nanocatalysts are overviewed. In addition, we introduce methane conversion, hydrogen generation, and olefin hydroformylation as three typical catalytic applications of the Rh‐based nanocatalysts, and provide insights into the catalytic mechanisms involved. The remaining challenges and future prospects for the Rh‐based heterogeneous nanocatalysts are also discussed. This review offers a guideline for future research on Rh‐based nanocatalysts for heterogeneous catalysis.

Rh Doping in Pd Nanocubes Optimizes the Adsorption of 3‐Nitrostyrene towards Selective Hydrogenation of Vinyl Group

“…Specifically, it is highly required to develop selective hydrogenation of vinyl (C=C) group catalysts that are used for production of fine chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, perfumes, polymers, and herbicides . When more than one reducible groups (such as C=C and nitro (NO 2 ) group) are present in a substrate molecular, the conventional precious metals (including Pt, Pd, and Ru) catalysts can simultaneously reduce both the groups, leading to limited selectivity . To overcome this limitation, traditional strategies are modifying the active sites with ligands, zeolite, metal‐organic frameworks, and poisoned‐additives .…”

“…[1][2][3][4] When more than one reducible groups (such as C=C and nitro (NO 2 ) group) are present in a substrate molecular, the conventional precious metals (including Pt, Pd, and Ru) catalysts can simultaneously reduce both the groups, leading to limited selectivity. [5][6][7][8][9][10] To overcome this limitation, traditional strategies are modifying the active sites with ligands, zeolite, metal-organic frameworks, and poisoned-additives. [11][12][13][14] The principle of these methods to boost selectivity, intrinsically, are to occupy or passivate the active sites, in other words, the improvements in selectivity are often accompanied with the sacrifice of activity.…”

The Calotropis procera Transformed Green NiO and Fe‐NiO Nanoparticles for Diaryl Pyrimidinones Synthesis in Hydrotropic Medium at Room Temperature

“…The nanomaterials hold the various technological and scientific views with their advanced applications and precise properties due to their distinguishing shape, size, area and surface chemistry ,…”

Clean rhodium nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation in liquid for high performance electrocatalysis of the hydrogen evolution reaction

“…Rh-based materials are desired catalysts for diverse industrial reactions such as petroleum rening and ne chemical production. 1 Besides the resistance to high temperature, oxidation, and corrosion, Rh possesses partially lled 4d electron levels which enable the moderate adsorption of reactants and thus promote the formation of intermediates. [1][2][3][4] The development of Rh-based nano-catalysts has thus received increasing interest, also by virtue of their compelling properties towards electrocatalysis for energy applications, in particular for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).…”

“…1 Besides the resistance to high temperature, oxidation, and corrosion, Rh possesses partially lled 4d electron levels which enable the moderate adsorption of reactants and thus promote the formation of intermediates. [1][2][3][4] The development of Rh-based nano-catalysts has thus received increasing interest, also by virtue of their compelling properties towards electrocatalysis for energy applications, in particular for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). [5][6][7][8][9] To this purpose, Rh nanocrystals are oen obtained by solution-based routes, either one-pot or multi-step, in environments containing salts, carbohydrates, oil, hydrouoric acid or organic solvent, [6][7][8]10,11 by various procedures such as microwave heating, 1 solvothermal, 8 sonochemical 7 or electrochemical synthesis.…”