RGB Laser Light Sources for Projection Displays

Hallstein, S.; Carey, Glen P.; Carico, R.; Dato, Rene; Dudley, J.J.; Earman, Allen M.; Financier, M.J.; Giaretta, G.; Green, J.; Höfler, H.; Hu, Frank; Jansen, M.; Kocot, Chris; Lim, S.F.; Krueger, J.; Mooradian, A.; Niven, Greg; Okuno, Y.; Patterson, F. G.; Tandon, Ashish; Umbrasas, Arvydas

doi:10.1109/leos.2007.4382373

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The NIR laser can be a diode-pumped solid-state laser or a laser diode [33,34]. This technique can also be used for all three colors by doubling three different frequencies [35]. Replacing these SHG green lasers with laser diodes allows for a significantly more compact design at a lower cost.…”

Section: Displays Augmented and Virtual Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible‐Light Laser Diodes and Superluminescent Diodes: Characteristics and Applications

Alkhazragi

Holguín‐Lerma

et al. 2021

Digital Encyclopedia of Applied Physics

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Semiconductor light sources technology has seen tremendous strides in recent decades and a rapidly increasing interest in it. The unique advantages and characteristics of this form of light generation include compactness, high efficiency, and reliability. With these recent advancements, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, and superluminescent diodes (SLDs) have become an indispensable part of our homes, factories, and research facilities. In particular, the sensitivity of the human eye to the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum ranging from 400 to 700 nm and the wavelength-dependence of optical characteristics of materials make visible light required for a plethora of applications ranging from displays for entertainment, to imaging in the medical field, to light-based atomic clocks. While LEDs are the most commonly found type of semiconductor light sources, laser diodes and SLDs are of special interest due to their higher output optical power, spectral purity, and coherence. In this tutorial, we first go over the main unique characteristics of the different types and configurations of visible-light laser diodes and SLDs and their general structures with a focus on their advantages compared to LEDs. We then discuss the applications in which these characteristics are of great interest in the fields of displays, communication, instrumentation, and photonic integrated circuits.

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Section: Displays Augmented and Virtual Realitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible‐Light Laser Diodes and Superluminescent Diodes: Characteristics and Applications

Alkhazragi

Holguín‐Lerma

et al. 2021

Digital Encyclopedia of Applied Physics

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show abstract

“…Necsel demonstrated high-power RGB laser arrays of extended cavity surface-emitting lasers. This special laser structure called the Novalux Extended Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (NECSEL) uses intracavity frequency doubling of infrared light from VCSELs with an InGaAs active region to produce visible light at 615, 532, and 465 nm [29]. Each single emitter of the array could generate a power of more than 100 mW.…”

Section: Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-based displays: a review

2010

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After the invention of lasers, in the past 50 years progress made in laser-based display technology has been very promising, with commercial products awaiting release to the mass market. Compact laser systems, such as edge-emitting diodes, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers, and optically pumped semiconductor lasers, are suitable candidates for laser-based displays. Laser speckle is an important concern, as it degrades image quality. Typically, one or multiple speckle reduction techniques are employed in laser displays to reduce speckle contrast. Likewise, laser safety issues need to be carefully evaluated in designing laser displays under different usage scenarios. Laser beam shaping using refractive and diffractive components is an integral part of laser displays, and the requirements depend on the source specifications, modulation technique, and the scanning method being employed in the display. A variety of laser-based displays have been reported, and many products such as pico projectors and laser televisions are commercially available already.

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“…The extended-cavity VCSEL, or VECSEL [7][8][9], is fabricated in a similar manner as the 850nm VCSEL, except with a greatly reduced, or absent n-DBR as illustrated in figure 3. The reduction, or elimination of the n-BDR eliminates the laser resonator, producing a device incapable of laser emission -spontaneous emission only -until an external mirror is placed parallel to the p-DBR of the device.…”

Section: The Intra-cavity Doubled Vecselmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved 2<sup>nd</sup> harmonic rise-time in a thermal-lens-dominated extended-cavity micro-laser

Earman¹,

Polulyakh²,

Stahr³

2009

2009 59th Electronic Components and Technology Conference

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Many commercially available compact, micro-cavity diode-pumped solid-state lasers achieve a stable resonator condition following the formation of an intra-cavity thermal lens. Typically, this thermal lens forms as a result of localized thermal expansion in the host material due to the very high optical power of the infrared pump beam. Additionally, most common DPSS host media, such as Nd:YAG and Nd:YVO4 exhibit high dn/dT, change in refractive index with temperature. Thermal lens formation time dominates stable resonator establishment and, thus, the rise-time of the intra-cavity-generated visible secondharmonic output light. Thermal lens formation time may range from 10's of microseconds to several milliseconds, depending on pump power, the host material dn/dT, and the volume and length of the host material. This paper describes a unique approach that improves the second-harmonic risetime -and, thus, the modulation bandwidth -for high-power VECSELs by several orders of magnitude. This approach, while typically used in some laser systems for other purposes, allows direct modulation of high-power VECSELs to greater than 100 megahertz with second-harmonic rise-time of a few nanoseconds. IntroductionHand-held, mobile projectors for the display of video content were first introduced as consumer products two years ago and have since received much attention as the next breakthrough mobile consumer device. These compact devices incorporate either High-Brightness LEDs or lowpower visible lasers as light sources. One approach to the design of the hand-held projector uses single, or dual, MEMS-based micromirror scanners to create a raster video image -similar to that of the common CRT display [1]. While producing a displayed image comparable in size and brightness to a notebook computer, the projector's micromirror scanner uses a silicon mirror about 1 millimeter in diameter. Thus, the optical system pupil is small and requires a very small source size. Laser sources are ideal for this application.Semiconductor, direct-emitting, directly-modulated lasers are readily available in Red (~630nm) and Blue (~460nm) wavelengths for video displays. However, the equivalent Green (~530nm) semiconductor lasers remain far from common availability. Laser developers have concentrated on 2 nd -harmonic Green lasers based on direct 2 nd -harmonic generation of semiconductor, or solid-state lasers. These 2 ndharmonic designs are far more complex than direct-emitting semiconductor lasers and typically cannot achieve the high modulation rates required for real-time video displays. Although, they usually produce better beam quality than their semiconductor counterparts.

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RGB Laser Light Sources for Projection Displays

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Visible‐Light Laser Diodes and Superluminescent Diodes: Characteristics and Applications

Visible‐Light Laser Diodes and Superluminescent Diodes: Characteristics and Applications

Laser-based displays: a review

Improved 2<sup>nd</sup> harmonic rise-time in a thermal-lens-dominated extended-cavity micro-laser

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