Revolutionary Totalitarianism, Pragmatic Socialism, Transition

Beuk, Sergej

doi:10.1515/soeu-2019-0031

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Traditionally, textual dichotomous keys have been the main tools used for species identification ( Walter and Winterton 2007 ; Nimis et al 2012 ; Seo and Oh 2017 ). More recently, rapid technological advancements of the 21 st century have resulted in the production of a wide array of electronic identification guides ( Stevenson et al 2003 ; Farnsworth et al 2013 ) that range from simple textual electronic dichotomous keys (e.g., Leistner 2000 ; Beuk 2019 ) to interactive mobile identification applications (apps) with access to large multimedia databases (e.g., De Vaugelas et al 2011 ; Merlin Bird ID App, https://merlin.allaboutbirds.org/ ) and automatic visual recognition apps (e.g., Zhao et al 2015 ; PlantSnap, https://www.plantsnap.com/ ). Electronic identification keys have become commonplace (e.g., Kirchoff et al 2011 ; Nimis et al 2012 ; Seo and Oh 2017 ; Jouveau et al 2018 ; Bodin et al 2019 ; Reeb and Gradstein 2020 ), are relatively easy to produce and are aimed at enhancing the accessibility and usability of identification keys, as well as the efficiency and accuracy of identifications ( Drinkwater 2009 ; Kirchoff et al 2011 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Electronic identification keys for species with cryptic morphological characters: a feasibility study using some Thesium species

Lombard¹,

Roux²,

Wyk³

2021

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The popularity of electronic identification keys for species identification has increased with the rapid technological advancements of the 21st century. Although electronic identification keys have several advantages over conventional textual identification keys and work well for charismatic species with large and clear morphological characters, they appear to be less feasible and less effective for species with cryptic morphology (i.e. small, obscure, variable characters and/or complicated structures associated with terminology that is difficult to interpret). This is largely due to the difficulty in presenting and illustrating cryptic morphological characters unambiguously. When taking into account that enigmatic species with cryptic morphology are often taxonomically problematic and therefore likely exacerbate the taxonomic impediment, it is clear that species groups with cryptic morphology (and all the disciplines dependent on their correct identification) could greatly benefit from a user-friendly identification tool, which clearly illustrates cryptic characters. To this end, the aim of this study was to investigate and develop best practices for the unambiguous presentation of cryptic morphological characters using a pilot interactive photographic identification key for the taxonomically difficult plant genus Thesium (Santalaceae), as well as to determine its feasibility. The project consisted of three stages: (1) software platform selection, (2) key construction and (3) key evaluation. The proposed identification key was produced with Xper3 software and can be accessed at http://www.xper3.fr/xper3GeneratedFiles/publish/identification/1330098581747548637/mkey.html. Methodologies relating to amongst others, character selection and delineation, visual and textual descriptions, key construction, character coding and key evaluation are discussed in detail. Seventeen best practices identified during this study are subsequently suggested for future electronic key compilation of species with cryptic morphology. This study indicates that electronic identification keys can be feasible and effective aids for the identification of species with cryptic morphological characters when the suggested best practices are followed.

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