Revolutionary Impact of Nanodrug Delivery on Neuroscience

Abstract

Brain research is the most expanding interdisciplinary research that is using the state of the art techniques to overcome limitations in order to conduct more accurate and effective experiments. Drug delivery to the target site in the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most difficult steps in neuroscience researches and therapies. Taking advantage of the nanoscale structure of neural cells (both neurons and glia); nanodrug delivery (second generation of biotechnological products) has a potential revolutionary impact into the basic understanding, visualization and therapeutic applications of neuroscience. Current review article firstly provides an overview of preparation and characterization, purification and separation, loading and delivering of nanodrugs. Different types of nanoparticle bioproducts and a number of methods for their fabrication and delivery systems including (carbon) nanotubes are explained. In the second part, neuroscience and nervous system drugs are deeply investigated. Different mechanisms in which nanoparticles enhance the uptake and clearance of molecules form cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are discussed. The focus is on nanodrugs that are being used or have potential to improve neural researches, diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders.

Concepts toward directing human astroplasticity to promote neuroregeneration

“…One promising technology is the advent of nanomedicine. Nanoparticles generated from polymeric or liposomal materials have been generated as encapsulation devices for payloads (i.e., genetic material, anti-inflammatory drugs, or toxins) to target astrocytes and other cells (Khanbabaie and Jahanshahi, 2012;Zhang et al, 2016a;Madhusudanan et al, 2017). Lipid nanoparticles have recently been demonstrated to deliver mRNA to neurons and astrocytes after being injected directly into mouse brain ventricles (Tanaka et al, 2018).…”

Nanomedicine in Central Nervous System (CNS) Disorders: A Present and Future Prospective

“…50 Drugs need to chemically modify and transported to the brain via loading with different nanomaterial-based vehicles. 45 It also received in the brain via transcytosis through the BBB.…”

Nanomedicines and stroke: Toward translational research

“…In this context, the selection of compounds or drug delivery systems with properties favorable for the transport of compounds from blood into the CNS has the potential to increase the chances of drug candidates to reach the market and to reduce the time to get there. Numerous nanosystems have been developed for CNS therapeutic applications 73 and a significant number has reached clinical trials 74 .…”