Revisiting on the effect and role of TiO2 layer thickness on SnO2 for enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries

In Situ TEM Observation on the Growth of Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) Layer on Co3O4 upon Sodiation and Magnesiation using Graphene Liquid Cell

“…Figure 2 shows the time-series TEM images showing the growth of interfacial layers along with the decomposition of electrolytes, in the case of sodiation and magnesiation. In both of the cases, it can be clearly seen that the SEI layer is grown on the surface of the Co3O4 nanoparticles, as can be seen by the formation of amorphous layer in the boundary of the nanoparticles, in accordance with the previous literature [4,5].…”

“…In the recent times, the application of graphene liquid cell has been extended to the battery fields, where various dynamics such as the anisotropic volume changes and conversion dynamics were also observed [2,3]. To observe the dynamics of interfaces of electrode materials, it was previously shown that the graphene liquid cell can be employed to observe the growth dynamics of solid electrolyte interphase on anode materials, such as SnO2 in the previous study [4,5]. Upon the decomposition of electrolytes (1.3 M of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) in ethylene carbonate (EC):diethylene carbonate (DEC) (v/v = 3:7) with 10 wt% of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)), the electrolytes are reduced and LiPF6 is reduced to Li atom, where Li triggers the overall lithiation.…”

SnO2 as Advanced Anode of Alkali‐Ion Batteries: Inhibiting Sn Coarsening by Crafting Robust Physical Barriers, Void Boundaries, and Heterophase Interfaces for Superior Electrochemical Reaction Reversibility

“…In SnO 2 @TiO 2 core–shell structures, the TiO 2 shell acts as a physical barrier to buffer the volume change of the inner SnO 2 NP and prevent its pulverization; by retaining the structural integrity of the hybrid electrodes, enhanced cycling stability is achieved . Zhou et al prepared hierarchical hollow SnO 2 @TiO 2 nanocapsules via a microwave‐assisted HCl etching reaction and subsequent calcination.…”

“…SEM images of j) SnO 2 and k) TiO 2 @SnO 2 NT electrodes after 80 cycles at 500 mA g −1 . Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, Elsevier.…”

“…Cheong et al developed a sol–gel and subsequent annealing method to coat TiO 2 overlayers with controlled thicknesses (e.g., 7, 12, or 18 nm) on SnO 2 NTs fabricated by electrospinning and subsequent calcination (Figure e–g). The SnO 2 @TiO 2 NTs with TiO 2 overlayer (thickness of 12 nm) delivered a much higher cycle retention of 75.8% than bare SnO 2 NTs (36.6%) after 100 cycles at 500 mA g −1 and retained a reversible capacity of 438.3 mAh g −1 even at a high C‐rate of 5 A g −1 (Figure h,i).…”