Abstract:d ni e si Pa is esca es PR o bonne Pa is Ci , CNRS UMR 860, Laboratoi e e Chi ie e e iochi ie Pha acolo i ues e o icolo i ue ue es ain s P es,
“…In this review, we intended to demonstrate the usefulness of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers to fight against cancers, through several types of approaches. Most of the experiments have been carried out in vitro on cancerous cell lines, but a few studies have been carried out in vivo, in particular the therapy of a xenografted tumor-bearing mice [ 90 ]. Some of these dendrimers, in particular some gold complexes, are very active at the low nanomolar range, with an excellent safety ratio towards non-cancerous cells, and should deserve further studies.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A significant p53 protein expression was observed in HeLa cells. The cancer gene therapy potential of the dendriplex 8-G 1 /pDNA-p53 was then validated through therapy of a xenografted tumor-bearing mice after intra-tumoral injection [ 90 ].…”
Section: Phosphorus Dendrimers As Carriers Of Anticancer “Drugs”mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…the dendriplex 8-G1/pDNA-p53 was then validated through therapy of a xenografted tumor-bearing mice after intra-tumoral injection [90].…”
Section: Associations Of Therapeutic Agents Against Cancersmentioning
This review concerns the use of dendrimers, especially of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers, against cancers. After the introduction, the review is organized in three main topics, depending on the role played by the phosphorus dendrimers against cancers: (i) as drugs by themselves; (ii) as carriers of drugs; and (iii) as indirect inducer of cancerous cell death. In the first part, two main types of phosphorus dendrimers are considered: those functionalized on the surface by diverse organic derivatives, including known drugs, and those functionalized by diverse metal complexes. The second part will display the role of dendrimers as carriers of anticancer “drugs”, which can be either small molecules or anticancer siRNAs, or the combination of both. In the third part are gathered a few examples of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers that are not cytotoxic by themselves, but which under certain circumstances induce a cytotoxic effect on cancerous cells. These examples include a positive influence on the human immune system and the combination of bioimaging with photodynamic therapy properties.
“…In this review, we intended to demonstrate the usefulness of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers to fight against cancers, through several types of approaches. Most of the experiments have been carried out in vitro on cancerous cell lines, but a few studies have been carried out in vivo, in particular the therapy of a xenografted tumor-bearing mice [ 90 ]. Some of these dendrimers, in particular some gold complexes, are very active at the low nanomolar range, with an excellent safety ratio towards non-cancerous cells, and should deserve further studies.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A significant p53 protein expression was observed in HeLa cells. The cancer gene therapy potential of the dendriplex 8-G 1 /pDNA-p53 was then validated through therapy of a xenografted tumor-bearing mice after intra-tumoral injection [ 90 ].…”
Section: Phosphorus Dendrimers As Carriers Of Anticancer “Drugs”mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…the dendriplex 8-G1/pDNA-p53 was then validated through therapy of a xenografted tumor-bearing mice after intra-tumoral injection [90].…”
Section: Associations Of Therapeutic Agents Against Cancersmentioning
This review concerns the use of dendrimers, especially of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers, against cancers. After the introduction, the review is organized in three main topics, depending on the role played by the phosphorus dendrimers against cancers: (i) as drugs by themselves; (ii) as carriers of drugs; and (iii) as indirect inducer of cancerous cell death. In the first part, two main types of phosphorus dendrimers are considered: those functionalized on the surface by diverse organic derivatives, including known drugs, and those functionalized by diverse metal complexes. The second part will display the role of dendrimers as carriers of anticancer “drugs”, which can be either small molecules or anticancer siRNAs, or the combination of both. In the third part are gathered a few examples of phosphorhydrazone dendrimers that are not cytotoxic by themselves, but which under certain circumstances induce a cytotoxic effect on cancerous cells. These examples include a positive influence on the human immune system and the combination of bioimaging with photodynamic therapy properties.
“…Some of the dendrimers that may now be classified as “classic” include (i) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM), which were developed by Tomalia in the 1980s, through an iterative reaction sequence between ethylenediamine and methyl ester moieties, and Michael addition with methyl acrylate on amines, in a divergent methodology [ 15 , 16 ]; and (ii) poly(ether), Fréchet dendrimers, prepared from 3,5-dihydroxy-benzyl bromide [ 17 ], in a convergent build-up on this core. Subsequently, several other interesting backbones of dendrimers/dendrons have been added [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], and include some earlier reports on silicon-containing dendrimers by Hadjichristidis [ 28 ]; polylysine by Denkewalter [ 29 ]; polyester by Newkome [ 30 ] and Ihre et al [ 31 ]; phosphorus-containing dendrimers by Caminade and Majoral [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]; polyether dendrimer via OsO 4 catalyzed oxidation of carbon-carbon double bonds [ 35 ]; peptide dendrimers [ 36 ]; amphiphilic PAMAM dendrimer with one dendritic block functionalized with sugar and the other with N -phthalic amide moieties [ 37 ]; and dendrimers for one-pot post bis-functionalization [ 38 ].…”
Architectural complexity has played a key role in enhancing the efficacy of nanocarriers for a variety of applications, including those in the biomedical field. With the continued evolution in designing macromolecules-based nanoparticles for drug delivery, the combination approach of using important features of linear polymers with dendrimers has offered an advantageous and viable platform. Such nanostructures, which are commonly referred to as telodendrimers, are hybrids of linear polymers covalently linked with different dendrimer generations and backbones. There is considerable variety in selection from widely studied linear polymers and dendrimers, which can help tune the overall composition of the resulting hybrid structures. This review highlights the advances in articulating syntheses of these macromolecules, and the contributions these are making in facilitating therapeutic administration. Limited progress has been made in the design and synthesis of these hybrid macromolecules, and it is through an understanding of their physicochemical properties and aqueous self-assembly that one can expect to fully exploit their potential in drug delivery.
“…Another strategy is to develop dendrimers, such as drugs, active per se in several therapeutic realms [ [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] ]. Over the last several years, we have embarked on this direction in order to develop new drugs based on phosphorus dendrimers, for instance, as anticancer [ 20 , 21 ] and anti-inflammatory agents [ 22 ]. Fig.…”
There are several routes of administration to the brain, including intraparenchymal, intraventricular, and subarachnoid injections. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) impedes the permeation and access of most drugs to the central nervous system (CNS), and consequently, many neurological diseases remain undertreated. For past decades, to circumvent this effect, several nanocarriers have been developed to deliver drugs to the brain. Importantly, intranasal (IN) administration can allow direct delivery of drugs into the brain through the anatomical connection between the nasal cavity and brain without crossing the BBB. In this regard, dendrimers may possess great potential to deliver drugs to the brain by IN administration, bypassing the BBB and reducing systemic exposure and side effects, to treat diseases of the CNS. In this original concise review, we highlighted the few examples advocated regarding the use of dendrimers to deliver CNS drugs directly
via
IN. This review highlighed the few examples of the association of dendrimer encapsulating drugs (
e.g.
, small compounds: haloperidol and paeonol; macromolecular compounds: dextran, insulin and calcitonin; and siRNA) using IN administration. Good efficiencies were observed. In addition, we will present the
in vivo
effects of PAMAM dendrimers after IN administration, globally, showing no general toxicity.
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