Revision ofGodartianaForster (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), with the description of a new species from northeastern Brazil

Abstract

A revision of Godartiana Forster, 1964 (Satyrinae: Euptychiina) is provided, including the description of a new species, G. amadoi Paluch, Zacca & Freitas sp. nov. from Bahia and Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Two genera, Cercyeuptychia L. Emmel, 1971 syn. nov. and Praefaunula Forster, 1964 syn. nov., are herein synonymised with Godartiana, based on morphological and molecular data from mitochondrial gene Cytochrome C Oxidase I and the nuclear genes GAPDH and RpS5. A new taxonomic arrangement is proposed for Godartiana, increasing to five the number of species known in this genus and also synonymising Euptychia liturata Butler, 1867 syn. nov. and E. vesper Butler, 1867 syn. nov. with G. armilla (Butler, 1867) comb. nov. The female genitalia of all species of Godartiana are described and illustrated, information is given on host plants and biology, and the previously unknown immature stages of G. muscosa are described and illustrated.

Barcoding the butterflies of southern South America: Species delimitation efficacy, cryptic diversity and geographic patterns of divergence

“…However, the authors did not highlight this genetic variation within the species and, even though they examined over 100 males and 80 females, they did not report any differentiation in external or internal morphology either. We found two of these three lineages in the Atlantic Forest in Misiones ( Fig 6C , S3 Appendix ), confirming the results of Zacca et al [ 79 ] and emphasizing the need for a deeper phylogeographic analysis of G . muscosa .…”

“… (A) Astraptes fulgerator complex [ 52 , 77 ], (B) Phoebis argante [ 78 ], and (C) Godartiana muscosa [ 79 ]. Numbers above or below branches indicate bootstrap support based on 1,000 pseudoreplicates (only values ≥ 50% are shown).…”

“…Further studies examining specimens of both sexes coupled with detailed assessment of variation in genitalia and wing colour patterns are needed to establish the status of these lineages [ 45 ]. Lastly, a recent revision of the genus Godartiana [ 79 ] evidenced the existence of three lineages within G . muscosa in southeastern Brazil with COI divergences of 2%–2.5%.…”

Revision of the poorly known Neotropical butterfly genus Zischkaia Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), with descriptions of nine new species

“…However, compared to many other common euptychiine genera, species of Zischkaia are poorly represented in almost all museum collections, hindering taxonomic study and resulting in the genus remaining poorly understood. Although a number of other euptychiine genera have been the focus of taxonomic and/or systematic studies after the checklist of Lamas (2004), especially in recent years (e.g., Barbosa et al 2015;Zacca et al 2017;Nakahara et al 2018c), partly as a result of the lack of material deposited in collections, Zischkaia has received no attention by butterfly researchers until now. A taxonomic revision for this group is therefore in urgent need, given the similarities among the species of Zischkaia and consequent difficulties in identification, and the potential significance of the group for biogeographic and conservation research as a result of the highly restricted geographic ranges of some species.…”

Description of Emeryus Zacca, Mielke & Casagrande gen. nov. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) to accommodate three species formerly placed in Paryphthimoides Forster, 1964

“…2013; Zacca et al . 2013, 2014, 2017; Nakahara et al . 2015a, 2015b, 2016a, 2016b, 2018, 2019; Barbosa et al .…”