Revised δ³⁴S reference values for IAEA sulfur isotope reference materials S‐2 and S‐3

Abstract

Revised delta(34)S reference values with associated expanded uncertainties (95% confidence interval (C.I.)) are presented for the sulfur isotope reference materials IAEA-S-2 (22.62 +/- 0.16 per thousand) and IAEA-S-3 (-32.49 +/- 0.16 per thousand). These revised values are determined using two relative-difference measurement techniques, gas source isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GIRMS) and double-spike multi-collector thermal ionization mass spectrometry (MC-TIMS). Gas analyses have traditionally been considered the most robust for relative isotopic difference measurements of sulfur. The double-spike MC-TIMS technique provides an independent method for value-assignment validation and produces revised values that are both unbiased and more precise than previous value assignments. Unbiased delta(34)S values are required to anchor the positive and negative end members of the sulfur delta (delta) scale because they are the basis for reporting both delta(34)S values and the derived mass-independent Delta(33)S and Delta(36)S values.

Molecular proxies as indicators of freshwater incursion-driven salinity stratification

“…34 S/ 32 S ratios were measured by combustion-isotope ratio monitoring-mass spectrometry (C-irm-MS) using a Thermo Finnigan MAT 253 mass spectrometer coupled to an elemental analyzer (Thermo Flash 2000) via a split interface (Thermo Finnigan Conflo IV). Measured isotope ratios were calibrated with in-house and international reference materials (Mann et al, 2009) and reported in the δ-notation relative to the V-CDT (Vienna Cañon Diablo Troilite) standard.…”

Concrete under sulphate attack: an isotope study on sulphur sources

“…grade V 2 O 5 , and combusted in a Thermo Scientific FLASH 2000 elemental analyser coupled to a Thermo Finnigan 253 gas mass spectrometer via a Thermo Scientific ConFlo IV split interface. Silver sulphide isotope reference materials (IAEA-S-1, IAEA-S-2 and IAEA-S-3) were used to link the mass spectrometric results towards the V-CDT scale [38]. Isotope measurements are given in the conventional δ notation, and replicate measurements agreed within better than ±0.3 ‰.…”

Multi-isotope approach for the identification and characterisation of nitrate pollution sources in the Marano lagoon (Italy) and parts of its catchment area

“…Stable sulphur isotope measurements were carried out with a Thermo Finnigan MAT 253 gas mass spectrometer that was connected to via a Thermo Electron ConFlo IV split interface to a Thermo Scientific Flash 2000 elemen-tal analyzer. Silver sulphide isotope reference materials (IAEA-S-1, IAEA-S-2 and IAEA-S-3) were used to link the mass spectrometric results ( 34 S/ 32 S) to the V-CDT scale (MANN et al, 2009). Replicate measurements agreed within better than ±0.3‰.…”