Reviewing human–environment interactions in arid regions of southern South America during the past 3000 years

Morales, Marcelo R.; Barberena, Ramiro; Belardi, Juan Bautista; Borrero, Luis Alberto; Cortegoso, Valeria; Durán, Víctor; Guerci, Alejandra; Goñi, Rafael; Gil, Adolfo; Neme, Gustavo; Yacobaccio, Hugo D.; Zárate, Marcelo

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.09.019

Cited by 76 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The findings in this study corroborate several studies in Brazil [11][12][13]47] and some parts of South America [7,49], portraying the cooling and decrease in precipitation during the LIA, which showed a climatically anomalous period between 1550 and 1850. However, these findings contrast with an increase in precipitation in South America as reported by Peng and Miller [50] and Haug et al [51].…”

Section: Consideration Of the Lia In South Americasupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Most studies have focused on the northern hemisphere [3][4][5], and there are few studies demonstrating the occurrence of the event in the southern hemisphere. For instance, in South America [6,7], advance in glaciers in the Andes was demonstrated [8], as well as aridity in the lowlands of Argentina [9] and Venezuela [8], and there is evidence from mountain glaciers suggesting increasing glaciation in Patagonia [10]. In Brazil, some studies have demonstrated change in vegetation composition during the LIA and sea level regression in northeastern and southeastern Brazil [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the Little Ice Age on Climate and Vegetation Recorded by n-Alkanes and Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether Proxies

Machado¹,

Froehnerb²

2015

J Earth Sci Clim Change

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Keywords: Climatic changes; Little ice age; n-Alkane distributions; GDGT proxies IntroductionThe period which was subjected to much colder winters followed by warmer periods is known as the little ice age (LIA). It documented as being between about 1300 and 1870 (Mann, 2002). However, climate change could vary geographically [1]. The period is divided into two phases; the first was around 1300 until the late 1400s and the second warmer period was in in the 1500s [2]. The period between 1600 and 1850 marks its height and was characterized by changes in the hydrological cycle and perturbation of the ecosystem [2-4].Even although there much evidence for the LIA, the causes and mechanism are still under debate. The only certainty is that it was a global event. Most studies have focused on the northern hemisphere [3][4][5], and there are few studies demonstrating the occurrence of the event in the southern hemisphere. For instance, in South America [6,7], advance in glaciers in the Andes was demonstrated [8], as well as aridity in the lowlands of Argentina [9] and Venezuela [8], and there is evidence from mountain glaciers suggesting increasing glaciation in Patagonia [10]. In Brazil, some studies have demonstrated change in vegetation composition during the LIA and sea level regression in northeastern and southeastern Brazil [11][12][13].At present, paleoclimate can be reconstructed due the widespread occurrence of biomarkers multi-proxy data derived from them. The spatial and temporal character of such putative climate epochs revived the discussion and understanding of and mechanism for the LIA, as well as of the implications for climate change in the future.Typically, n-alkanes are derived from different sources (algae, photosynthetic bacteria and higher plants [14]. Different distribution patterns of n-alkanes in sediments provides information about different climatic environments and hence is widely used to understand the evolution of vegetation and reconstruct environmental changes [14,15]. The magnitude of the anthropogenic impact on the climate and the environment was recently measured from biomarker distributions [4,14]. Yet, some biomarkers can be more specific in their information than n-alkanes. For example, increasing attention has been driven to glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) compounds, polar basic constituents of the cell membrane and comprising a polar head group bonded to a non-polar hydrocarbon [16]. The structures of GDGTs are temperature dependent. When temperature increases, cyclopentane moieties are formed within the isoprenoid chain [17]. With more cyclopentane rings, the membrane is kept in a liquid crystalline state and, as a consequence, proton permeation is reduced.According to Weijers et al. [18] there are some environmental controls on the distributions of GDGTs, so two indices were proposed for quantifying the degree of methylation (MBT) and cyclization (CBT), both being effective in palaeoenvironmental studies to reconstruct mean annual air temperature (MAAT). Since branche...

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Section: Consideration Of the Lia In South Americasupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Little Ice Age on Climate and Vegetation Recorded by n-Alkanes and Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether Proxies

Machado¹,

Froehnerb²

2015

J Earth Sci Clim Change

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“…La región de estudio es árida y semiárida pero dentro de esta caracterización general existe una marcada variación latitudinal, altitudinal y longitudinal, por lo que existe una significativa variabilidad en los recursos (Abraham y Rodríguez Martínez 2000;De Francesco y Diéguez 2006;Morales et al 2009). En principio esta variabilidad está manifestada en la existencia de distintos tipos de desiertos: Monte, Patagónico, Andino y Puna.…”

Section: Ecología Isotópicaunclassified

Isótopos Estables Y Consumo De Maíz en El Centro Occidente Argentino: Tendencias Temporales Y Espaciales

2010

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Con la intención de evaluar la incorporación del maíz en las poblaciones del centro occidente de Argentina, el límite prehispánico de la agricultura americana, el trabajo explora la variabilidad espacial y cronológica en los valores de δ 13 C en colágeno, apatita y δ 15 N en muestras humanas. El estudio incluye 104 muestras arqueológicas humanas registradas entre 32° S y 40° S con cronologías de los últimos 6.000 años. También se presenta información sobre la ecología isotópica de la región. Los resultados muestran una baja correlación tanto en latitud como en tiempo con los valores de δ 13 C. Los valores que señalan una importancia significativa del maíz en la dieta se registran en el sector más septentrional y durante los últimos 1.500 años. A pesar de esa tendencia, hay una notoria variabilidad entre muestras, inclusive contemporáneas y localizadas en los mismos sectores. Los resultados debilitan la supuesta dispersión gradual en espacio y tiempo del maíz mostrando un patrón de alta heterogeneidad en cuanto a la importancia del maíz en el límite sur de la dispersión agrícola.Palabras claves: centro occidente argentino, maíz prehispánico, dieta humana, isótopos estables. This work explores the chronological and spatial variability of collagen and apatite δ 13 C and collagen δ 15 N values for human remains, in order to evaluate the incorporation of corn in the diet in central-western

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“…900 a.p. (Morales et al 2009 y bibliografía allí citada), habría provocado que las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras limitaran sus rangos de uso del espacio a sectores del interior y a la franja costera, principalmente aquella ubicada al sur de la ría Deseado. Este último sector comprendería los espacios litorales más atractivos para los asentamientos humanos debido a la disponibilidad de recursos marinos (pinnípedos, aves marinas y moluscos), así como de cuerpos de agua dulce.…”

Section: Diámetro De Los Ejemplares De Rhizocarpon (Mm)unclassified

Levantamiento Planimétrico Y Análisis Liquenométrico en El Sitio Campo De Chenques, Costa Norte De Santa Cruz (Patagonia Argentina)

2017

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Se presentan los resultados de dos vías metodológicas desarrolladas en el sitio Campo de Chenques, las que resultan novedosas para la arqueología de cazadores recolectores que habitaron la Patagonia. El sitio se ubica en la costa atlántica de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina, y presenta una concentración de estructuras de entierro humanas de tipo chenque. Se realizó el levantamiento planimétrico de las estructuras de rocas que conforman el sitio a partir del uso de un GPS diferencial. Además, se desarrollaron estudios liquenométricos con el fin de obtener cronologías de las estructuras. Para ello se midieron líquenes del género Rhizocarpon subgénero Rhizocarpon que crecen sobre las rocas. A partir de estos estudios se realizó un plano georreferenciado del sitio, se determinó el número y morfología de las estructuras y se obtuvo por liquenometría una edad mínima para la construcción de las mismas de 770 años, aproximadamente, la que es concordante con las edades radiocarbónicas obtenidas para el sitio. De este modo, Campo de Chenques es el contexto arqueológico más antiguo de Patagonia en el que se han aplicado análisis liquenométricos hasta el momento. Los resultados se discuten en relación con la dinámica de ocupación del área por las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras durante el Holoceno tardío.Palabras claves: levantamiento planimétrico, liquenometría, GPS diferencial, Chenques, Patagonia. This paper presents the results obtained from the planimetric survey and lichenometric analyses conducted for the first time in

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Reviewing human–environment interactions in arid regions of southern South America during the past 3000 years

Cited by 76 publications

References 45 publications

Effect of the Little Ice Age on Climate and Vegetation Recorded by n-Alkanes and Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether Proxies

Effect of the Little Ice Age on Climate and Vegetation Recorded by n-Alkanes and Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether Proxies

Isótopos Estables Y Consumo De Maíz en El Centro Occidente Argentino: Tendencias Temporales Y Espaciales

Levantamiento Planimétrico Y Análisis Liquenométrico en El Sitio Campo De Chenques, Costa Norte De Santa Cruz (Patagonia Argentina)

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