Review—Recent Advancements in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells; From Photoelectrode to Counter Electrode

Abstract

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are promising photovoltaic technology with diverse indoor and outdoor applications. DSSCs can be integrated with curtains and glasses to power various devices, including wireless sensors, computer network peripherals, internet-of-things (IoT) devices, and wearable electronics. DSSCs have the potential to become the future source of energy. However, their efficiency, stability, and industrial production still need to be scaled up. The present review encompasses these elements and the various changes that have occurred inside the DSSC over the last few years, including device structure, TiO2 photoelectrode, novel electrolytes, new organic photosensitizers, efficient catalyst materials, and encapsulation strategies for sealing DSSC devices. We further discuss how the performance of each functional component of a DSSC has been enhanced as a result of the introduction of novel materials and manufacturing processes. In addition, we also briefly cover p-DSSCs and tandem DSSCs. Finally, the prospect of highly efficient and stable DSSCs is highlighted.

Indoor organic solar cells for low-power IoT devices: recent progress, challenges, and applications

“…[22][23][24][25][26][27] The Internet of Things (IoT) market is emerging exceptionally and demands high amounts of off-grid low power consumption or selfpowered devices. 22,[28][29][30][31][32] Interestingly, recent studies have shown that emerging photovoltaic technologies such as perovskite solar cells (PSCs), [33][34][35] OSCs, 25,28,36 and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) [37][38][39] are better for converting indoor light into electricity than other inorganic Si, CIGS technologies. [40][41][42] This is due to a broader range of optical tunability, a higher absorption coefficient, and smaller leakage currents at low light intensities.…”

MXene-modified electrodes and electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells

“…3 The selection of electrode materials significantly impacts the efficiency and stability of DSSCs. 5,6 The cost, brittleness, and limited light absorption capabilities of conventional electrodes like FTO or ITO are their drawbacks. As a result, scientists have been looking into alternative materials to improve DSSC performance.…”

KNbO3photoelectrode for DSSC: a structural, optical and electrical approach

“…7,8 The photoelectrode in a conventional DSSC is typically made of mesoporous TiO 2 . 9,10 However other materials have been explored in the literature, such as ZnO, Nb 2 O 5 , and semiconductor perovskites, in order to obtain a higher open-circuit voltage V oc . 11–15…”