Review on the research progress of cement-based and geopolymer materials modified by graphene and graphene oxide

Liu, Changjiang; Huang, Xiaochuan; Wu, Yuyou; Deng, Xiaowei; Liu, Jian; Zheng, Zhao; Hui, David

doi:10.1515/ntrev-2020-0014

Cited by 178 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…These zones resulted from rapid heating and quenching, leading to untempered martensitic structures [31]. The effect of grain size on the mechanical properties is mainly reflected in the microstructure [32][33][34]. The grains in the alloys can be greatly refined under high strain and strain rate [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic milling and formation of nanostructured machined surface of AISI 4340

Muhamad

Ghani

Haron

et al. 2020

Nanotechnology Reviews

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Hardened layers are commonly required for automotive components after their production using a machining process in order to enhance the service life of these components. This study investigates the possibility of producing a nanostructured machined surface which can increase the hardness of the machined surface by varying the machining parameters under cryogenic conditions in end milling of AISI 4340. The end milling experiments were performed using multi-layered TiAlN- and AlCrN-coated carbide. Prior to the experiment, a finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the cutting temperature generated and it had been found that at cutting speed of 200–300 m/min, feed rate of 0.15–0.3 mm/tooth, axial depth of cut of 0.3–0.5 mm, and radial depth of cut of 0.2–0.35 mm, the temperature generated can be sufficiently high to cause austenitic transformation. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with angle selective backscattered (AsB) detection analysis was used to investigate the microstructure and machined-affected layers of the machined surfaces. The crystallographic orientation/phase change and nano-hardness were analysed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a nano-hardness testing machine. The results showed that the cryogenic machining had significantly affected the surface integrity characteristics of the AISI 4340 alloy due to refined microstructure, favourable phase structure, and higher hardness near the surface layer. The results of this study may be useful in providing an insight into a potential technological shift from conventional surface case hardening processes to the present technique.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic milling and formation of nanostructured machined surface of AISI 4340

Muhamad

Ghani

Haron

et al. 2020

Nanotechnology Reviews

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“…It was evident from compound microscopy that microbes could grow on cracks and fishers created during Pretreatment. That is why smooth surfaces of plastic without any pretreatment were not suitable for the growth of microbes [38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyethylene Terephthalate Degradation by Microalga Chlorella vulgaris Along with Pretreatment

Falah¹,

Chen²,

Zeb³

et al. 2020

Mater. Plast.

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The current research explored the potential of microalgal species Chlorella vulgaris and Pretreatment to remediate plastic waste. It was concluded from the results that Pretreatment had a marked effect on the cracking and alteration of plastic polymer, which helped to grow microbial species on the cracked surface as evident by Compound Microscopy (CM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. FTIR data also supported the notion that in the absence of any pretreatment, the microbial species were not able to mediate plastic biodegradation efficiently as the nature of functional groups was different in the presence and absence of Pretreatment. GCMS analysis revealed that the microbial specie could produce the biodegradation products which were likely to be found in the structure of PET, including alkanes ester, fatty acids, benzoic acid, and aromatics and the most toxic product of biodegradation is Bis (2-Ethyl hexyl phthalate), which is the biodegradation product of toxic ingredient of plastics that is phthalic acid.

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“…However, most nanoparticles moved from the interface of the two phases in the matrix. This indicates less interlayer dispersion for C30B nanoparticles in nanocomposite j, which is caused by less penetrability of PET and EPDM chains to the layers of C30B particles [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. Figure 3 presents TEM images with different magnifications for a nanocomposite sample PET/EPDM/SEBS-g-ma/ C30B containing 1% of nanoclay content.…”

Section: Investigation Of Microstructure Using X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (PET/EPDM) in the Presence of Nanoclay

Liu¹,

Mirjalili²,

Valipour³

et al. 2020

Mater. Plast.

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This research deals with the mechanical properties, microstructure, and interrelations of triple nanocomposite based on PET/EPDM/Nanoclay. These properties were examined in different percentages of PET/EPDM blend with compatibilizer (Styrene-Ethylene/Butylene-Styrene)-G-(Maleic anhydrate) (SEBS-g-MAH). Results showed that the addition of 15% SEBS-g-MAH improved the toughness and impact strength of this nanocomposite. SEM micrographs indicated the most stable fuzzy microstructure in a 50/50 mixture of scattered phases of EPDM/SEBS-g-MAH. The effects of percentages of 1, 3, 5, 7 nanoclay Cloisite 30B (C30B) on the improvement of the properties were evaluated. With the addition of nano clay, the toughness and impact strength was reduced. Thermal destruction of nanoclay in processing temperature led to the decreasing dispersion of clay plates in the matrix and a reduction in the distances of nano clay plates in the composite compared to pure nano clay. XRD and TEM analysis was used to demonstrate the results. By adding 1% of nanoclay to the optimal sample, maximum stiffness, and Impact strength, among other nanocomposites, was achieved.

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Review on the research progress of cement-based and geopolymer materials modified by graphene and graphene oxide

Cited by 178 publications

References 101 publications

Cryogenic milling and formation of nanostructured machined surface of AISI 4340

Cryogenic milling and formation of nanostructured machined surface of AISI 4340

Polyethylene Terephthalate Degradation by Microalga Chlorella vulgaris Along with Pretreatment

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Terephthalate/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (PET/EPDM) in the Presence of Nanoclay

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