Review on the Removal of Metal Ions from Effluents Using Seaweeds, Alginate Derivatives and Other Sorbents

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Biosorbents, especially those derived from seaweed (macroscopic algae) and alginate derivatives, exhibit high affinity for many metal ions. Because biosorbents are widely abundant (usually biodegradable) and less expensive than industrial synthetic adsorbents, they hold great potential for the removal of toxic metals from industrial effluents. Various studies have demonstrated the efficiency of living and non-living micro-organisms, such as bacteria, yeasts, moulds, micro-algae, cyanobacteria and biomass from water treatment sewage to remove metals from solution. Several types of organic and inorganic biomass have also been used as sorbent materials. In addition, by-products from the forestry industry, as well as agriculture waste and natural sorbents, have also been studied. This paper reviews and summarizes some key recent developments in these areas and it describes and discusses some specific applications of selected natural sorbents.</jats:p>

Biotechnological advances in bioremediation of heavy metals contaminated ecosystems: an overview with special reference to phytoremediation

“…Oscillatoria spp., Calothrix spp. and Synechoccus spp., yet the beneficial application of cyanobacteria in remediation of contaminated natural aquatic environments or industrial effluents has still not been optimally defined (Fiset et al 2008). Deng et al (2007) observed that the green marine algae Cladophora fascicularis can be used as an efficient biosorbent material for removal of Pb(II) from wastewater (as a function of time, initial pH, initial Pb(II) concentrations, temperature and co-existing ions).…”

“…The robust ability of the blue algae for As accumulation can serve as cyanoremediation to efficiently remove arsenic from aquatic environments. Although the role of cyanobacteria has been established for remediation of aquatic and wetland ecosystems (Fiset et al 2008) and of agricultural rice fields (Tripathi et al 2008) for metals recovery through seaweeds including Anabaena spp., Nostoc spp. Oscillatoria spp., Calothrix spp.…”

“…Biosorbents are widely abundant, usually biodegradable and less expensive than industrial synthetic adsorbents and hold great potential for the removal of toxic metals from industrial effluents (Fiset et al 2008). These results helped in the derivation of the order of the sorption capacity of metal ions.…”

Sodium Alginate—Natural Microencapsulation Material of Polymeric Microparticles

“…In order for alginate to be able to be used in the biomedical and pharmaceutical field, it must be safe for the body and biocompatible, that is, it must have high purity. A crude alginate purified by a multistage extraction method is devoid of or contains impurities in a low amount and can be taken orally without causing a response from the immune system [ 2 , 3 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

A novel electrochemical sensor based on sodium alginate‐decorated single‐walled carbon nanotubes for the direct electrocatalysis of heavy metals ions

“…Heavy metal ions such as Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ can be removed by alginate hydrogels, according to the research. 13,18 Moreover, the blending or modification of sodium alginate with nanomaterial can increase the adsorption sites for heavy metals, thus the adsorption capacities can be improved. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have drawn high attention in heavy metal ions detection due to their unique chemical and physical properties such as high surface area, electric conductivity, and excellent mechanical flexibility.…”